Definition
A gene expression array (or DNA microarray) is a miniature, massively parallel, and semi-automated process that measures levels of gene products (or mRNA or transcripts). The DNA of an organism (cell or cells) is a set of instructions used to direct its existence. A genetic message is transcribed from DNA into mRNA (messenger RNA), then typically translated into protein. By measuring the levels of mRNA, an indirect glimpse can be taken into the functioning of a cell. The relative and absolute levels of the transcripts are called expressions, and this instantaneous set of expressions is called the expression profile. Profiles can be used, for example, to indicate a disease state.
Historical Background
DNA and RNA are bio-molecules that hybridizebonding due to complementary structure. Hybridization has been used for several decades as means of identifying DNA and RNA present in an organism (cell or cells). Until microarray technology was invented, utilizing hybridization was...
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Recommended Reading
DrÄghici S. Data analysis tools for DNA microarrays. London: Chapman & Hall/CRC; 2003.
Futschik ME, Crompton T. OLIN: optimized normalization, visualization and quality testing of two-channel microarray data. Bioinformatics. 2005;21(8):1724ā6.
Gene Ontology Consortium. Creating the gene ontology resource: design and implementation. Genome Res. 2001;11(8):1425ā33.
Gentleman R, Carey V, Bates D, Bolstad B, Dettling M, Dudoit S, Gautier L, Ge Y, Gentry J, Hornik K, Hothorn T, Huber W, Iacus S, Irizarry R, Leisch F, Li C, Maechler M, Rossini A, Sawitzki G, Smith C, Smyth G, Tierney L, Yang J, Zhang J. Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R80.
Lockhart DJ, Dong H, Byrne MC, Follettie MT, Gallo MV, Chee MS, Mittmann M, Wang C, Kobayashi M, Horton H, Brown EL. Expression monitoring by hybridization to high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Nat Biotechnol. 1996;14(13):1675ā80.
Schena M, Shalon D, Davis RW, Brown PO. Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with complementary DNA microarray. Science. 1995;270(5235):467.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
Ā© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
DalkiliƧ, M.M. (2018). Gene Expression Arrays. In: Liu, L., Ćzsu, M.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_1435
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_1435
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8266-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8265-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceReference Module Computer Science and Engineering