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This entry elaborates the implications for a new knowledge policy of the full range of effects of its limited appropriability and exhaustibility. The analysis of the appropriability trade-off identifies the dual effects of knowledge spillovers consisting not only in the reduction of incentives to the generation of knowledge but also in the reduction of R&D costs stemming from the access to the quasi-public stock of knowledge. The positive effects of knowledge spillover may compensate for the reduction of the price of innovated goods with its well-known negative effect in terms of reduced pay out of R&D activities and eventual underproduction of knowledge. The appreciation of the full spectrum of possibilities of the appropriability trade-off further refined by the analysis of the effects of the limited exhaustibility of knowledge and of the distinction between imitation and knowledge externalities enables to articulate a new framework of knowledge policy. These results, in...
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Antonelli, C. (2019). Knowledge-Specific Patents and the Additionality Constraint. In: Marciano, A., Ramello, G.B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7753-2_734
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