Skip to main content

Regulatory Competition

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:

Abstract

Regulatory competition describes the activity of private or public lawmakers who intend to produce novel or alter current legislation in response to competitive pressure from other private or public lawmakers. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the legal arbitrage tactics of various entities, which are a necessary, though not sufficient, condition for regulatory competition. Moreover, we investigate whether and how lawmakers respond to these endeavors by adapting their national corporate, insolvency, capital markets, and environmental law as well as product standards.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   819.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   1,099.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adler B, Polak B, Schwartz A (2000) Regulating consumer bankruptcy: a theoretical inquiry. J Leg Stud 29:585–613

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akerlof GA (1970) The market for “lemons”: quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. Q J Econ 84(3):488–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bebchuk L, Cohen A (2003) Firms’ decisions where to incorporate. J Law Econ 46:383–425

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bebchuk L, Hamdani A (2002) Optimal defaults for corporate law evolution. Northwest Univ Law Rev 96:489–519

    Google Scholar 

  • Becht M, Mayer C, Wagner H (2008) Where do firms incorporate? Deregulation and the cost of entry. J Corp Finan 14:241–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bratton W (1994) Corporate law’s race to nowhere in particular: the genius of American corporate law by Roberta Romano. Univ Tor Law J 44:401–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braun R, Eidenmüller H, Engert A, Hornuf L (2013) Does charter competition foster entrepreneurship? A difference-in-difference approach to European company law reforms. J Common Mark Stud 51:399–415

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bullock J (2013) Delaware division of corporations, 2013 annual report. http://corp.delaware.gov/Corporations_2013%20Annual%20Report.pdf

  • Cary W (1974) Federalism and corporate law: reflections upon Delaware. Yale Law J 83:663–705

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chemmanur TJ, Fulghieri P (2006) Competition and cooperation among exchanges: a theory of cross-listing and endogenous listing standards. J Financ Econ 82(2):455–489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coffee JC Jr (2002) Racing towards the top? The impact of cross-listings and stock market competition on international corporate governance. C Law Rev 102:1757–1831

    Google Scholar 

  • Doidge C, Karolyi GA, Stulz RM (2004) Why are foreign firms listed in the US worth more? J Financ Econ 71(2):205–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drometer M, Oesingmann K (2015) Household debt and the importance of effective private insolvency laws. CESifo DICE Rep 2:63–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Eidenmüller H (2011) The transnational law market, regulatory competition, and transnational corporations. Indiana J Glob Stud 18:707–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eidenmüller H, Engert A, Hornuf L (2009) Incorporating under European law: the Societas Europaea as a vehicle for legal arbitrage. Eur Bus Org Law Rev 10:1–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Engel KH (1996) State environmental standard-setting: is there a race and is it to the bottom? Hastings Law J 48:271–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Enriques L, Gelter M (2007) How the old world encountered the new one: regulatory competition and cooperation in European corporate and bankruptcy law. Tulane Law Rev 81:577–646

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischel D (1982) The “race to the bottom” revisited: reflections on recent developments in Delaware’s corporation law. Northwest Univ Law Rev 76:913–945

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleischer V (2010) Regulatory arbitrage. Texas Law Rev 89:227–272

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabor B (2013) Regulatory competition in the internal market: comparing models for corporate law. Securities law and competition law. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Heine K, Kerber W (2002) European corporate laws, regulatory competition and path dependence. Eur J Law Econ 13:47–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heyvaert V (2013) Regulatory competition: accounting for the transnational dimension of environmental regulation. J Environ Law 25(1):1–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holzinger K, Sommerer T (2011) “Race to the bottom” or “race to Brussels”? Environmental competition in Europe. J Common Mark Stud 49(2):315–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hornuf L, Lindner J (2016) The end of regulatory competition in European corporate law? In: Wettbewerb der Gesellschaftsrechtsordnungen in Ostmitteleuropa?. Nomos, Baden-Baden, pp 117–138

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kim O, Pinnuck M (2014) Competition among exchanges through simplified disclosure requirements: evidence from the American and global depositary receipts. Account Bus Res 44(1):1–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konisky DM (2007) Regulatory competition and environmental enforcement: is there a race to the bottom? Am J Polit Sci 51(4):853–872

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LoPucki LM (2006) Courting failure: how competition for big cases is corrupting the bankruptcy courts. University of Michigan Press, Michigan

    Google Scholar 

  • LoPucki LM, Kalin SD (2001) The failure of public company bankruptcies in Delaware and New York: empirical evidence of a “race to the bottom”. Vanderbilt Law Rev 54:231–282

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Hara E, Ribstein L (2009) The law market. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Oates WE, Portney PR (2003) The political economy of environmental policy. Handb Environ Econ 1:325–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prentice R (2002) Whither securities regulation? Some behavioral observations regarding proposals for its future. Duke Law J 51:1397–1511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prentice RA (2005) Regulatory competition in securities law: a dream (that should be) deferred. Ohio State Law J 66:1155–1230

    Google Scholar 

  • Ringe WG (2016) Regulatory competition in global financial markets: the case for a special resolution regime. Annals Corp Gov 1(3):175–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Romano R (1987) The state competition debate in corporate law. Cardozo Law Rev 8:709–757

    Google Scholar 

  • Romano R (1992) A guide to takeovers: theory, evidence, and regulation. Yale Regul 9:119–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinn HW (1997) The selection principle and market failure in systems competition. J Public Econ 66:247–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinn HW (2003) The new systems competition, Yrjö-Jahnsson lectures. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Skeel DA (1998) Bankruptcy judges and bankruptcy venue: some thoughts on Delaware. Del Law Rev 1:1–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Skeel DA (2000) Lockups and Delaware venue in corporate law and bankruptcy. Univ Cincinnati Law Rev 68:1243–1279

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiebout C (1965) A pure theory of local expenditures. J Polit Econ 64:416–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel D (1997) Trading up and governing across: transnational governance and environmental protection. J Eur Publ Policy 4(4):556–571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winter R (1977) State law, shareholder protection and the theory of the corporation. J Leg Stud 6:251–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katrin Gödker .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Gödker, K., Hornuf, L. (2019). Regulatory Competition. In: Marciano, A., Ramello, G.B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7753-2_703

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics