Zusammenfassung
Es gibt verschiedene Theorien und Modelle, die Gesundheitsverhalten beschreiben und erklären. Diese Theorien und Modelle sind vor allem deswegen wichtig, weil sie die Grundlage für die Entwicklung und Evaluation von Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung gesundheitsbezogenen Handelns und generell für die Optimierung von Verhaltensänderung sein können. Die Evidenz aus Studien zu diesen Theorien und Modellen kann außerdem eine Entscheidungshilfe für die Gestaltung von Interventionen sein. In diesem Kapitel unterscheiden wir zwischen Theorien, die Erwartungen als zentrale Einflussgröße von Verhaltensmotivation (auch Absicht, Intention oder Schutzmotivation genannt) annehmen, und Theorien, die die Verhaltensänderung als eine Abfolge von unterschiedlichen Denkweisen (mindsets) verstehen. Außerdem stellen wir neuere Ansätze vor, die sich mit der Einbindung von Umwelt- und sozialen Faktoren in die Erklärung von Gesundheitsverhalten sowie mit der Beschreibung und Vorhersage von zusammenhängenden parallel ausgeführten Verhaltensweisen beschäftigen.
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Lippke, S., Schüz, B., Godde, B. (2019). Modelle gesundheitsbezogenen Handelns und Verhaltensänderung. In: Tiemann, M., Mohokum, M. (eds) Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Springer Reference Pflege – Therapie – Gesundheit . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55793-8_8-1
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