Definitions
Polymer is a substance consisting of macromolecules of different lengths, which have long sequence of one or more groups of monomeric units (small molecules) linked together with primary or covalent chemical bond.
Time-dependent mechanical property is characteristic of a polymer (or any other viscoelastic material) that interrelates cause in the form of stress or strain and time-dependent response in the form of increasing strain or decaying stress.
Viscoelastic behavior refers to the viscoelastic response of material under the application of an external load, which is combination of time-independent elastic or “solid” like as well as time-dependent viscous or “liquid” like response, meaning that material undergoes time-dependent changes in strain or stress.
Introduction
The use of polymers as engineering materials has significantly increased in the past decades. Their increased usage is the result of better engineering, economic and environmental properties that can...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Alkonis JJ, MacKnight WJ (1983) Introduction to polymer viscoelasticity. Wiley, New York
Brostow W, Lobland HEH (2016) Materials: introduction and application. Wiley, Hoboken
Carraher CE Jr (2012) Introduction to polymer chemistry. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Daniels CA (1989) Polymers: structure and properties. Technomic, Lancaster
Deng TH, Knauss WG (1997) The temperature and frequency dependence of the bulk compliance of poly(vinyl acetate): a re-examination. Mech Time-Depend Mater 1:33–49
Doolittle AK, Doolittle DB (1957) Studies in Newtonian flow. Further verification of the free-space viscosity equation. J Appl Phys 28:901–905
Emri I, Prodan T (2006) A measuring system for bulk and shear characterization of polymers. Exp Mech. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1134000685284
Ferry JD (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers. Wiley, New York
Gergesova M, Zupančič B, Saprunov I, Emri I (2010) The closed form t–T–P shifting (CFS) algorithm. J Rheol 55:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1122/13503529
Gosh P (2009) Polymer science and technology: plastic, rubbers, blends and composites. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi
Jaeger G (1998) The Ehrenfest classification of phase transitions: introduction and evolution. Arch Hist Exact Sci 53(1):51–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004070050021
Knauss WG, Emri I, Lu H (2008) Mechanics of polymers: viscoelasticity. In: Sharpe WN Jr (ed) Springer handbook of experimental solid mechanics, 1st edn. Springer, New York
Kovacs AJ (1963) Transition vitreuse dans les polymers amorphes. Etude phénoménologique. Fortschr Hochpolym-Forsch 3:394–507
Landel RF, Nielsen LE (1994) Mechanical properties of polymers and composites. Marcel Dekker, New York
Martin MC (1986) Elements of thermodynamics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs
McKenna GB (2003) Mechanical rejuvenation in polymer glasses: fact or fallacy? J Phys Condens Matter 15:737–763
McKenna GB, Simon SL (2002) The glass transition: its measurements and underlying physics. In: Cheng SZD (ed) Handbook of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Orwoll RA (2007) Densities, coefficients of thermal expansion, and compressibilities of amorphous polymers. In: Mark JE (ed) Physical properties of polymers: handbook, 2nd edn. Springer, New York
Pahari A, Chauhan B (2007) Engineering chemistry. Laxmi, New Delhi
Rudin A, Choi P (2013) The elements of polymer science and engineering. Academic (Elsevier Imprint), Oxford
Simon SL (2002) Ageing, physical. In: Mark HF (ed) Encyclopedia of polymer science, 3rd edn. Wiley, Hoboken
Sperling LH (2006) Introduction to physical polymer science. Wiley, Hoboken
Struik LCE (1977) Physical aging in plastics and other glassy materials. Polym Eng Sci 17:165–173
Tschoegl NW (1989) The phenomenological theory of linear viscoelastic behavior: an introduction. Springer, Berlin
Tschoegl NW, Knauss WG, Emri I (2002a) Poisson’s ratio in linear viscoelasticity – a critical review. Mech Time-Depend Mater 6:3–51
Tschoegl NW, Knauss WG, Emri I (2002b) The effect of temperature and pressure on mechanical properties of thermo- and/or piezorheological simple polymeric materials in thermodynamic equilibrium – a critical review. Mech Time-Depend Mater 6:53–99
Walsh DJ, Zoller P (1995) Standard pressure volume temperature data for polymers. Technomic, Lancaster
Williams ML, Landel RF, Ferry JD (1957) The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids. J Am Chem Soc 77:3701–3707
Young RJ, Lovell PA (2011) Introduction to polymers. CRC Press, New York
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the programme P2-0264 “Sustainable Polymer Materials and Technologies” financially supported by the Slovenian Research Agency.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Oseli, A., Aulova, A., Gergesova, M., Emri, I. (2019). Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Polymers. In: Altenbach, H., Öchsner, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Continuum Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_269-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_269-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-53605-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-53605-6
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Polymers- Published:
- 28 January 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_269-2
-
Original
Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Polymers- Published:
- 16 May 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_269-1