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Oncologic Critical Care pp 1401–1417Cite as

Catheter- and Device-Related Infections in Critically Ill Cancer Patients

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Abstract

Central venous catheters are essential for treating the critically ill and cancer patients. However, this patient population is at high risk for catheter-related bloodstream infections that deemed to be a major cause of healthcare-related infections and have been reported to be associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The diagnosis of central line as a source of infection relies on specific laboratory testing, and the definition of catheter-related bloodstream infections formulated by the Infectious Diseases Society of America remains the most accurate definition. The leading cause of catheter-associated bloodstream infection is gram-positive bacteria, particularly coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species. Central line-related infections require a multidisciplinary approach for preventing and managing these infections. Catheter removal combined with appropriate intravenous antibiotics remains the keystone of therapy; however, novel interventions for salvaging the catheters have been developed, including antimicrobial lock solutions or exchanging with antimicrobial-coated catheters. Moreover, antimicrobial-impregnated catheters and lock therapy are also effective in preventing short-term and long-term catheter-related infections.

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  1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Alexandre Malek & Issam Raad

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  1. Alexandre Malek
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  2. Issam Raad
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  1. Department of Critical Care and Respiratory Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Joseph L. Nates

  2. Division of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Critical Care and Respiratory Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Kristen J. Price

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Malek, A., Raad, I. (2020). Catheter- and Device-Related Infections in Critically Ill Cancer Patients. In: Nates, J., Price, K. (eds) Oncologic Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_124

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_124

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74587-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74588-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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