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Internal Derangements of the Temporomandibular Joint

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Abstract

An internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is anatomically described as a deviation in position or in form of the tissues within the capsule of the joint that interferes with smooth joint movement. Although often regarded as such, an internal derangement is not a diagnostic entity, but it is merely a description of symptoms and signs of a number of clinical problems that involve the joint. Among these clinical problems are disc condyle complex disorders, hypomobility disorders, adherences, hypermobility disorders, fractures, inflammatory disorders, crystal deposition diseases, hyperplasia, and hypoplasia.

Clinical features include a snapping or tearing sensation during mouth opening, a sensation of significant instability in the TMJ, or a significant injuring force in the TMJ area. Some patients may have more serious complaints, such as the sudden inability to open the mouth, or the occasional locking of the joint on maximal mouth opening and some may experience significant pain or discomfort. Some patients with these conditions may not require treatment, while others may cause major disturbances for which pervasive interventions are necessary. Conservative treatment is advocated for the management of disc derangements, arthralgia, osteoarthritis, and adherences, although minimally invasive procedures such as lysis and lavage (arthrocentesis) can be considered for refractory cases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Groningen, The Netherlands

    James J. R. Huddleston Slater

  2. Division of Orofacial Pain, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    Reny de Leeuw

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  1. James J. R. Huddleston Slater
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  2. Reny de Leeuw
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Correspondence to Reny de Leeuw .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. UWA Dental School and Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Camile S. Farah

  2. UWA Dental School and Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Ramesh Balasubramaniam

  3. Oral Anatomy, Medicine, and Surgery Section Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia

    Michael J. McCullough

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Slater, J.J.R.H., de Leeuw, R. (2019). Internal Derangements of the Temporomandibular Joint. In: Farah, C., Balasubramaniam, R., McCullough, M. (eds) Contemporary Oral Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72303-7_31

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