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Halitosis

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Contemporary Oral Medicine

Abstract

Halitosis, commonly known as bad breath, is an unpleasant symptom that can present as a social problem compromising quality of life. This condition may affect individuals of all ages and may be a transient episode or a long-lasting problem depending on the cause. In some cases, patients may present with pseudo-halitosis, whereby there is a belief that they have bad breath despite their malodor not being perceived or detected, either by those around them or by objective analysis. Halitosis can occur due to local factors, or in rare cases be attributed to systemic etiologies. For patients who present with halitosis exclusively from local oral factors, improving oral health including tongue cleaning, treating dry mouth and alleviating local causes, may be beneficial. For patients with a systemic etiology for their halitosis, a multidisciplinary management approach may be necessary.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral Medicine, Orofacial Pain and Geriatric Programs, Orofacial Pain and Geriatric Oral Health Programs, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, VCU School of Dentistry and VCU Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jaisri R. Thoppay

  2. Department for Oral Surgery, Oral Radiology and Oral Medicine and Center of Salivary Diagnostics and Hyposalivation, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Andreas Filippi

  3. Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA

    Katharine Ciarrocca

  4. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Bristol, UK

    John Greenman

  5. UNC School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Scott S. De Rossi

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  1. Jaisri R. Thoppay
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  2. Andreas Filippi
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  3. Katharine Ciarrocca
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  4. John Greenman
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  5. Scott S. De Rossi
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Correspondence to Jaisri R. Thoppay .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. UWA Dental School and Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Camile S. Farah

  2. UWA Dental School and Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

    Ramesh Balasubramaniam

  3. Oral Anatomy, Medicine, and Surgery Section Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia

    Michael J. McCullough

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Thoppay, J.R., Filippi, A., Ciarrocca, K., Greenman, J., De Rossi, S.S. (2019). Halitosis. In: Farah, C., Balasubramaniam, R., McCullough, M. (eds) Contemporary Oral Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72303-7_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72303-7_27

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72301-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72303-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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