Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Regeneration and Recycling of Spent Bleaching Earth

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Ecomaterials

Abstract

Spent bleaching earth, a solid waste from the edible oil refining industry with unpleasant odor, usually consists of clay minerals and residual oil. The residual oil can be rapidly oxidized to the point of spontaneous autoignition due to the autocatalysis action of clay minerals, so that the direct discard and landfill of spent bleaching earth result in the fire danger and environmental pollution. In order to minimize the risk of pollution, much effort has been devoted to explore the feasible approach for recycling the spent bleaching earth. Therefore, this chapter reviewed the recent research progress in regeneration and recycle of spent bleaching earth by summarizing the comprehensive literatures and our group’s latest research achievements.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 979.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Pollard SJT, Sollars CJ, Perry R (1990) The reuse of spent bleaching earth for the stabilisation/solidification of mixed waste streams. Environ Technol 11(12):1113–1122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sharma A, Pareek V, Zhang DK (2015) Biomass pyrolysis-a review of modelling, process parameters and catalytic studies. Renew Sust Energ Rev 50:1081–1096

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Boey PL, Saleh MI, Sapawe N, Ganesan S, Maniam GP, Ali DMH (2011) Pyrolysis of residual palm oil in spent bleaching clay by modified tubular furnace and analysis of the products by GC-MS. J Anal Appl Pyrol 91(1):199–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tsai WT, Lai CW (2006) Adsorption of herbicide paraquat by clay mineral regenerated from spent bleaching earth. J Hazard Mater 134(1):144–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Tang J, Mu B, Zheng MS, Wang AQ (2015) One-step calcination of the spent bleaching earth for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 3(6):1125–1135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wambu EW, Muthakia GK, Shiundu PM (2011) Kinetics and thermodynamics of aqueous Cu (II) adsorption on heat regenerated spent bleaching earth. Bull Chem Soc Ethiop 25(2):181–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Tsai WT, Chen HP, Hsieh MF, Sun HF, Chien SF (2002) Regeneration of spent bleaching earth by pyrolysis in a rotary furnace. J Anal Appl Pyrol 63(1):157–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sevilla M, Fuertes AB (2009) The production of carbon materials by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. Carbon 47(9):2281–2289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Titirici MM, Antonietti M (2010) Chemistry and materials options of sustainable carbon materials made by hydrothermal carbonization. Chem Soc Rev 39(1):103–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Leboda R, Charmas B, Skubiszewska-Zięba J, Chodorowski S, Oleszczuk P, Gun'ko VM, Pokrovskiy VA (2005) Carbon–mineral adsorbents prepared by pyrolysis of waste materials in the presence of tetrachloromethane. J Colloid Interf Sci 284(1):39–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Sun ZM, Yao GY, Xue YL, Sun W, Zheng SL (2016) In situ synthesis of carbon@ diatomite nanocomposite adsorbent and its enhanced adsorption capability. Part Sci Technol 35(4):379–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Tang J, Mu B, Wang WB, Zheng MS, Wang AQ (2016) Fabrication of manganese dioxide/carbon/attapulgite composites derived from spent bleaching earth for adsorption of Pb (II) and Brilliant green. RSC Adv 6(43):36534–36543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lu SH, Hu JS, Chen CL, Chen XJ, Gong Y, Sun YB, Tan XL (2017) Spectroscopic and modeling investigation of efficient removal of U(VI) on a novel magnesium silicate/diatomite. Sep Purif Technol 174:425–431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Tang J, Mu B, Zong L, Zheng MS, Wang AQ (2017) Facile and green fabrication of magnetically recyclable carboxyl-functionalized attapulgite/carbon nanocomposites derived from spent bleaching earth for wastewater treatment. Chem Eng J 322:102–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Mahmoud NS, Atwa ST, Sakr AK, Abdel Geleel M (2012) Kinetic and thermodynamic study of the adsorption of Ni (II) using spent activated clay mineral. NY Sci J 5:62–68

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lee CK, Low KS, Chung LC (1997) Removal of some organic dyes by hexane-extracted spent bleaching earth. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 69(1):93–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Mahramanlioglu M, Güçlü K (2004) Equilibrium, kinetic and mass transfer studies and column operations for the removal of arsenic(III) from aqueous solutions using acid treated spent bleaching earth. Environ Technol 25(9):1067–1076

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mahramanlioglu M (2008) Adsorption of beta-picoline on the adsorbents produced from spent bleaching earth. Asian J Chem 20(2):1444–1450

    Google Scholar 

  19. Tsai WT, Hsien KJ, Chang YM, Lo CC (2005) Removal of herbicide paraquat from an aqueous solution by adsorption onto spent and treated diatomaceous earth. Bioresour Technol 96(6):657–663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tsai WT, Hsien KJ, Lai CW (2004) Chemical activation of spent diatomaceous earth by alkaline etching in the preparation of mesoporous adsorbents. Ind Eng Chem Res 43(23):7513–7520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Malakootian M, Fatehizadeh A, Yousefi N, Ahmadian M, Moosazadeh M (2011) Fluoride removal using regenerated spent bleaching earth (RSBE) from groundwater: case study on kuhbonan water. Desalination 277(1):244–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Tsai WT, Chen HP, Hsieh MF, Sun HF, Lai CW (2003) Regeneration of bleaching clay waste by chemical activation with chloride salts. J Environ Sci Health A 38(4):685–696

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mana M, Ouali MS, De Menorval LC, Zajac JJ, Charnay C (2011) Regeneration of spent bleaching earth by treatment with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for application in elimination of acid dye. Chem Eng J 174(1): 275–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Boey PL, Ganesan S, Maniam GP (2011) Regeneration and reutilization of oil-laden spent bleaching clay via in situ transesterification and calcination. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88(8):1247–1253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Wambu EW, Muthakia GK, Shiundu PM (2009) Regeneration of spent bleaching earth and its adsorption of copper (II) ions from aqueous solutions. Appl Clay Sci 46(2):176–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Low KS, Lee CK, Lee TS (2003) Acid-activated spent bleaching earth as a sorbent for chromium (VI) in aqueous solution. Environ Technol 24(2):197–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Lee CK, Low KS, Gan PY (1999) Removal of some organic dyes by acid-treated spent bleaching earth. Environ Technol 20(1):99–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Sulihatimarsyila N, Abd Wafti NS, Cheah CAL (2011) Regeneration and characterization of spent bleaching clay. J Oil Palm Res 23:999–1004

    Google Scholar 

  29. Meziti C, Boukerroui A (2011) Regeneration of a solid waste from an edible oil refinery. Ceram Int 37(6):1953–1957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Mana M, Ouali MS, De Menorval LC (2007) Removal of basic dyes from aqueous solutions with a treated spent bleaching earth. J Colloid Interf Sci 307(1):9–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Tan XF, Liu YG, YL G, Xu Y, Zeng GM, XJ H, Liu SB, Wang X, Liu SM, Li J (2016) Biochar-based nano-composites for the decontamination of wastewater: a review. Bioresour Technol 212:318–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Low KS, Lee CK, Wong AM (1996) Carbonized spent bleaching earth as a sorbent for some organic dyes. J Environ Sci Health A 31(3):673–685

    Google Scholar 

  33. Tsai WT, Chang YM, Lai CW, Lo CC (2005) Adsorption of basic dyes in aqueous solution by clay adsorbent from regenerated bleaching earth. Appl Clay Sci 29(2):149–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Tsai WT, Chang YM, Lai CW, Lo CC (2005) Adsorption of ethyl violet dye in aqueous solution by regenerated spent bleaching earth. J Colloid Interface Sci 289(2):333–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Belhaine A, Ghezzar MR, Abdelmalek F, Tayebi K, Ghomari A, Addou A (2016) Removal of methylene blue dye from water by a spent bleaching earth biosorbent. Water Sci Technol 74(11):2534–2540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Tang J, Mu B, Zong L, Zheng MS, Wang AQ (2015) Fabrication of attapulgite/carbon composites from spent bleaching earth for the efficient adsorption of methylene blue. RSC Adv 5(48):38443–38451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Piddock LJV (2012) The crisis of no new antibiotics-what is the way forward? Lancet Infect Dis 12(3):249–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Pollard SJT, Sollars CJ, Perry R (1992) A clay-carbon adsorbent derived from spent bleaching earth: surface characterisation and adsorption of chlorophenols from aqueous solution. Carbon 30(4):639–645

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Tsai WT, Chen CH, Yang JM (2002) Adsorption of paraquat on the physically activated bleaching earth waste from soybean oil processing plant. J Environ Sci Health B 37(5):453–463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Shankar MV, Anandan S, Venkatachalam N, Arabindoo B, Murugesan V (2006) Fine route for an efficient removal of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) by zeolite-supported TiO2. Chemosphere 63(6):1014–1021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Mahramanlioglu M, Kizilcikli I, Biçer IO, Tunçay M (2000) Removal of 2, 4-D from aqueous solution by the adsorbents from spent bleaching earth. J Environ Sci Health B 35(2):187–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Mahramanlioglu M, Kizilcikli I, Biçer IO, Tuncay M (2003) Removal of MCPA from aqueous solutions by acid-activated spent bleaching earth. J Environ Sci Health B 38(6):813–827

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Mahramanlioglu M, Onnar OO (2013) Adsorption of carbamazepine on the adsorbent produced from spent bleaching earth. Asian J Chem 25(2):1033–1035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Lataye DH, Mishra IM, Mall ID (2006) Removal of pyridine from aqueous solution by adsorption on bagasse fly ash. Ind Eng Chem Res 45(11):3934–3943

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Mahramanlioglu M, Ozgen O, Cinarli A, Kizilcikli I (2010) Adsorption of pyridine by acid treated spent bleaching earth. Asian J Chem 22(2):1428–1434

    Google Scholar 

  46. Mahramanlioglu M, Ozgen O (2009) Adsorption of alpha-picoline and gamma-picoline on the adsorbent produced from spent bleaching earth. Asian J Chem 21(1):635–643

    Google Scholar 

  47. Mahramanlioglu M, Kizilcikli I, Bicer IO (2002) Adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution by acid treated spent bleaching earth. J Fluor Chem 115(1):41–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Malakootian M, Jafarzadeh Haghighifard NA, Moussavi G, Hossaini H (2016) Investigation of ammonium ion adsorption onto regenerated spent bleaching earth: parameters and equilibrium study. Environ Eng Manag J 15(4):773–782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Boukerroui A, Ouali MS (2000) Regeneration of a spent bleaching earth and its reuse in the refining of an edible oil. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 75(9):773–776

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Pollard SJT, Sollars CJ, Perry R (1993) The reuse of spent bleaching earth: a feasibility study in waste minimisation for the edible oil industry. Bioresour Technol 45(1):53–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Mathaga JK, Thoruwa TFN, Muthakia GK (2013) Activation of spent bleaching earth for dehumidification application. Int J Chem 1:312–319

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This work is supported by the “863” Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, PR China (No. 2013AA032003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21377135 and 41601303), and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (No. 2017458).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou, P. R. China

    Bin Mu

  2. Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, P. R. China

    Bin Mu

  3. Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China

    Aiqin Wang

  4. R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, China

    Aiqin Wang

Authors
  1. Bin Mu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aiqin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aiqin Wang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Mu, B., Wang, A. (2019). Regeneration and Recycling of Spent Bleaching Earth. In: Martínez, L., Kharissova, O., Kharisov, B. (eds) Handbook of Ecomaterials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68255-6_121

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation