Mother-Child Attachment in Violent Contexts: Effect of Complex Trauma and Maternal Trauma History

Nikitiades, Adella

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_184-1

Adella Nikitiades⁷

168 Accesses

Abstract

The present chapter aims to present the deleterious effects of dual exposure to domestic violence (DV) and other traumatic experiences on the quality of mother-child relating patterns. Outcomes of early exposure to DV are presented. Using an ecological-developmental perspective that accounts for child and environmental characteristics, this chapter presents updated literature on the effects of DV in child development and the parent-child relationship. Early childhood interventions targeting mother-child interactions in the context of exposure to DV are presented.

This chapter was initially published with an incorrect copyright holder name. It has been corrected to © Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

Acosta, J., Barnes-Proby, D., Harris, R., Francois, T., Hickman, L. J., Jaycox, L. H., & Schultz, D. (2012). An examination of measures related to children’s exposure to violence for use by both practitioners and researchers. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 1524838012454943. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838012454943.
Adams, C. M. (2006). The consequences of witnessing family violence on children and implications for family counselors. The Family Journal, 14(4), 334–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480706290342.
Article Google Scholar
Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., & Waters, E., Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation, 18. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203758045.
Belsky, J. (1980). Child maltreatment: An ecological integration. American Psychologist, 35(4), 320. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.35.4.320.
Article Google Scholar
Bogat, G. A., Levendosky, A. A., Theran, S., Von Eye, A., & Davidson, W. S. (2003). Predicting the psychosocial effects of interpersonal partner violence (ipv) how much does a woman’s history of IPV matter?. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(11), 1271–1291. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260503256657.
Bogat, G. A., DeJonghe, E., Levendosky, A. A., Davidson, W. S., & von Eye, A. (2006). Trauma symptoms among infants exposed to intimate partner violence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30(2), 109–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.09.002.
Article Google Scholar
Borrego, J., Gutow, M. R., Reicher, S., & Barker, C. H. (2008). Parent–child interaction therapy with domestic violence populations. Journal of Family Violence, 23(6), 495–505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-008-9177-4.
Article Google Scholar
Bowker, L. H. (1984). Coping with wife abuse: Personal and social networks. In Battered women and their families: Intervention strategies and treatment programs (pp. 168–191). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988975.
Bowlby, J. (1977). The making and breaking of affectional bonds: I. Aetiology and psychopathology in the light of attachment theory. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 130(3), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.130.5.421.
Article Google Scholar
Capaldi, D. M., Knoble, N. B., Shortt, J. W., & Kim, H. K. (2012). A systematic review of risk factors for intimate partner violence. Partner Abuse, 3(2), 231–280. https://doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.3.2.231.
Article Google Scholar
Carlson, S. M. (2005). Developmentally sensitive measures of executive function in preschool children. Developmental Neuropsychology, 28(2), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326942dn2802_3.
Article Google Scholar
Carlson, B. E., McNutt, L. A., Choi, D. Y., & Rose, I. M. (2002). Intimate partner abuse and mental health: The role of social support and other protective factors. Violence Against Women, 8(6), 720–745. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778010222183251.
Article Google Scholar
Chemtob, C. M., & Carlson, J. G. (2004). Psychological effects of domestic violence on children and their mothers. International Journal of Stress Management, 11(3), 209. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.11.3.209.
Article Google Scholar
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310.
Article Google Scholar
Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., Murray, L. K., & Igelman, R. (2006). Psychosocial interventions for maltreated and violence-exposed children. Journal of Social Issues, 62(4), 737–766. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2006.00485.x.
Article Google Scholar
Coker, A. L., Smith, P. H., McKeown, R. E., & King, M. J. (2000). Frequency and correlates of intimate partner violence by type: Physical, sexual, and psychological battering. American Journal of Public Health, 90(4), 553–559. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.90.4.553.
Conger, R. D., Wallace, L. E., Sun, Y., Simons, R. L., McLoyd, V. C., & Brody, G. H. (2002). Economic pressure in African American families: A replication and extension of the family stress model. Developmental Psychology, 38(2), 179. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.38.2.179.
Article Google Scholar
Cox, C. E., Kotch, J. B., & Everson, M. D. (2003). A longitudinal study of modifying influences in the relationship between domestic violence and child maltreatment. Journal of Family Violence, 18(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021497213505.
Article Google Scholar
Cunningham, M. (2003). Impact of trauma work on social work clinicians: Empirical findings. Social work, 48(4), 451–459. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/48.4.451.
Cummings, E. M., Ballard, M., El-Sheikh, M., & Lake, M. (1991). Resolution and children’s responses to interadult anger. Developmental Psychology, 27(3), 462. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.27.3.462.
Article Google Scholar
Davies, P. T., & Cummings, E. M. (1994). Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 116(3), 387. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.387.
Article Google Scholar
Dayton, C. J., Levendosky, A. A., Davidson, W. S., & Bogat, G. A. (2010). The child as held in the mind of the mother: The influence of prenatal maternal representations on parenting behaviors. Infant Mental Health Journal: Official Publication of the World Association for Infant Mental Health, 31(2), 220–241. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20253.
Article Google Scholar
De Bellis, M. D. (2005). The psychobiology of neglect. Child Maltreatment, 10(2), 150–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559505275116.
Article Google Scholar
DeBoard-Lucas, R. L., & Grych, J. H. (2011). Children’s perceptions of intimate partner violence: Causes, consequences, and coping. Journal of Family Violence, 26(5), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-011-9368-2.
Article Google Scholar
Dejonghe, E. S., Bogat, G. A., Levendosky, A. A., Von Eye, A., & Davidson, W. S. (2005). Infant exposure to domestic violence predicts heightened sensitivity to adult verbal conflict. Infant Mental Health Journal, 26(3), 268–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20048.
Article Google Scholar
Dong, M., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Williamson, D. F., Thompson, T. J., et al. (2004). The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Child Abuse & Neglect, 28(7), 771–784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.01.008.
Article Google Scholar
Dube, S. R., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Edwards, V. J., & Williamson, D. F. (2002). Exposure to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction among adults who witnessed intimate partner violence as children: Implications for health and social services. Violence and Victims, 17(1), 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1891/vivi.17.1.3.33635.
Article Google Scholar
Edleson, J. L. (1999). Children’s witnessing of adult domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(8), 839–870. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626099014008004.
Article Google Scholar
Elder, G. H., Jr., Eccles, J. S., Ardelt, M., & Lord, S. (1995). Inner-city parents under economic pressure: Perspectives on the strategies of parenting. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 57, 771–784. https://doi.org/10.2307/353931.
Article Google Scholar
Evans, S. E., Davies, C., & DiLillo, D. (2008). Exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis of child and adolescent outcomes. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 13(2), 131–140.
Article Google Scholar
Eyberg, S. M., Boggs, S. R., & Algina, J. (1995). Parent-child interaction therapy: A psychosocial model for the treatment of young children with conduct problem behavior and their families. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 31, 83–91.
Google Scholar
Fantuzzo, J. W., & Mohr, W. K. (1999). Prevalence and effects of child exposure to domestic violence. The Future of Children, 9, 21–32. https://doi.org/10.2307/1602779.
Article Google Scholar
Gewirtz, A. H., DeGarmo, D. S., & Medhanie, A. (2011). Effects of mother’s parenting practices on child internalizing trajectories following partner violence. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022195.
Article Google Scholar
Graham-Bermann, S. A., & Hughes, H. M. (2003). Intervention for children exposed to interparental violence (IPV): Assessment of needs and research priorities. Clinical child and family psychology review, 6(3), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1024962400234.
Graham-Bermann, S. A., & Levendosky, A. A. (1998). Traumatic stress symptoms in children of battered women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13(1), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626098013001007.
Article Google Scholar
Graham-Bermann, S. A., DeVoe, E. R., Mattis, J. S., Lynch, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2006). Ecological predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in Caucasian and ethnic minority children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence against women, 12(7), 662–692. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801206290216.
Article Google Scholar
Graham-Bermann, S. A., Gruber, G., Howell, K. H., & Girz, L. (2009). Factors discriminating among profiles of resilience and psychopathology in children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(9), 648–660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.01.002.
Article Google Scholar
Gustafsson, H. C., Cox, M. J., & Family Life Project Key Investigators. (2016). Intimate partner violence in rural low-income families: Correlates and change in prevalence over the first 5 years of a child’s life. Journal of Family Violence, 31(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-015-9760-4.
Article Google Scholar
Herrenkohl, T. I., Sousa, C., Tajima, E. A., Herrenkohl, R. C., & Moylan, C. A. (2008). Intersection of child abuse and children’s exposure to domestic violence. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 9, 84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838008314797.
Article Google Scholar
Hetzel-Riggin, M. D., & Meads, C. L. (2011). Childhood violence and adult partner maltreatment: The roles of coping style and psychological distress. Journal of Family Violence, 26(8), 585–593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-011-9395-z.
Article Google Scholar
Hughes, H. M., Parkinson, D., & Vargo, M. (1989). Witnessing spouse abuse and experiencing physical abuse: A “double whammy”? Journal of Family Violence, 4(2), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01006629.
Article Google Scholar
Huth-Bocks, A. C., Levendosky, A. A., & Semel, M. A. (2001). The direct and indirect effects of domestic violence on young children’s intellectual functioning. Journal of Family Violence, 16(3), 269–290. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011138332712.
Article Google Scholar
Huth-Bocks, A. C., Levendosky, A. A., Bogat, G. A., & Von Eye, A. (2004). The impact of maternal characteristics and contextual variables on infant–mother attachment. Child Development, 75(2), 480–496. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00688.x.
Article Google Scholar
Jaffe, P. G., Wolfe, D. A., & Wilson, S. K. (1990). Children of battered women. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Google Scholar
Jaffe, P. G., Baker, L. L., & Cunningham, A. J. (Eds.). (2004). Protecting children from domestic violence: Strategies for community intervention. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Google Scholar
Jenkins, J. M. (2000). Marital conflict and children’s emotions: The development of an anger organization. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62(3), 723–736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00723.x.
Article Google Scholar
Kemp, A., Green, B. L., Hovanitz, C., & Rawlings, E. I. (1995). Incidence and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder in battered women: Shelter and community samples. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626095010001003.
Article Google Scholar
Kernic, M. A., Wolf, M. E., Holt, V. L., McKnight, B., Huebner, C. E., & Rivara, F. P. (2003). Behavioral problems among children whose mothers are abused by an intimate partner. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27(11), 1231–1246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2002.12.001.
Article Google Scholar
Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R., & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child witnesses to domestic violence: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(2), 339. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.71.2.339.
Article Google Scholar
Krishnakumar, A., & Buehler, C. (2000). Interparental conflict and parenting behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Family Relations, 49(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00025.x.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (1998). The moderating effects of parenting stress on children’s adjustment in woman-abusing families. Journal of interpersonal violence, 13(3), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626098013003005.
Levendosky, A. A., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2000). Behavioral observations of parenting in battered women. Journal of Family Psychology, 14(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.14.1.80.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2001). Parenting in battered women: The effects of domestic violence on women and their children. Journal of Family Violence, 16(2), 171–192. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011111003373.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., Huth-Bocks, A. C., Semel, M. A., & Shapiro, D. L. (2002). Trauma symptoms in preschool-age children exposed to domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17(2), 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260502017002003.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., Huth-Bocks, A. C., Shapiro, D. L., & Semel, M. A. (2003). The impact of domestic violence on the maternal-child relationship and preschool-age children’s functioning. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(3), 275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.17.3.275.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., Bogat, G. A., Theran, S. A., Trotter, J. S., Von Eye, A., & Davidson, W. S., II. (2004). The social networks of women experiencing domestic violence. American Journal of Community Psychology, 34(1–2), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:AJCP.0000040149.58847.10.
Article Google Scholar
Levendosky, A. A., Leahy, K. L., Bogat, G. A., Davidson, W. S., & von Eye, A. (2006). Domestic violence, maternal parenting, maternal mental health, and infant externalizing behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(4), 544. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.20.4.544.
Article Google Scholar
Lieberman, A. F., & Van Horn, P. (1998). Attachment, trauma, and domestic violence: Implications for child custody. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 7(2), 423–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1056-4993(18)30250-5.
Article Google Scholar
Lieberman, A. F., Diaz, M. A., & Van Horn, P. (2011). Perinatal child–parent psychotherapy: Adaptation of an evidence-based treatment for pregnant women and babies exposed to intimate partner violence. In How intimate partner violence affects children: Developmental research, case studies, and evidence-based intervention (pp. 47–66). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12322-003
Lieberman, A. F., Van Horn, P., & Ozer, E. J. (2005). Preschooler witnesses of marital violence: Predictors and mediators of child behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 17(02), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050182.
Article Google Scholar
Lyons-Ruth, K., & Block, D. (1996). The disturbed caregiving system: Relations among childhood trauma, maternal caregiving, and infant affect and attachment. Infant Mental Health Journal, 17(3), 257–275. 10.1002(SICI)1097-0355(199623)17:3<257::AID-IMHJ5>3.0.CO;2-L.
Article Google Scholar
Main, M., & Solomon, J. (1990). Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/disoriented during the Ainsworth strange situation. Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention, 1, 121–160.
Google Scholar
Margolin, G., & Gordis, E. B. (2000). The effects of family and community violence on children. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 445–479. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.445.
Article Google Scholar
Martin, S. G. (2002). Children exposed to domestic violence: Psychological considerations for health care practitioners. Holistic Nursing Practice, 16(3), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004650-200204000-00005.
Article Google Scholar
McAlister Groves, B. (2002). Children who see too much. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Google Scholar
McDonald, R., Jouriles, E. N., & Skopp, N. A. (2006a). Reducing conduct problems among children brought to women’s shelters: Intervention effects 24 months following termination of services. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.20.1.127.
Article Google Scholar
McDonald, R., Jouriles, E. N., Ramisetty-Mikler, S., Caetano, R., & Green, C. E. (2006b). Estimating the number of American children living in partner-violent families. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(1), 137. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.20.1.137.
Article Google Scholar
Miller, J. (2006). A specification of the types of intimate partner violence experienced by women in the general population. Violence Against Women, 12(12), 1105–1131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801206293501.
Article Google Scholar
Mohr, W. K., Lutz, M. J. N., Fantuzzo, J. W., & Perry, M. A. (2000). Children exposed to family violence A review of empirical research from a developmental-ecological perspective. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 1(3), 264–283. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838000001003004.
Article Google Scholar
Morrel, T. M., Dubowitz, H., Kerr, M. A., & Black, M. M. (2003). The effect of maternal victimization on children: A cross-informant study. Journal of Family Violence, 18(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021401414414.
Article Google Scholar
Moylan, C. A., Herrenkohl, T. I., Sousa, C., Tajima, E. A., Herrenkohl, R. C., & Russo, M. J. (2010). The effects of child abuse and exposure to domestic violence on adolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Journal of Family Violence, 25(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-009-9269-9.
Article Google Scholar
Murphy, A., Steele, M., Dube, S. R., Bate, J., Bonuck, K., Meissner, P., et al. (2014). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) questionnaire and adult attachment interview (AAI): Implications for parent child relationships. Child Abuse & Neglect, 38(2), 224–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.09.004.
Article Google Scholar
Neppl, T. K., Lohman, B. J., Senia, J. M., Kavanaugh, S. A., & Cui, M. (2017). Intergenerational continuity of psychological violence: Intimate partner relationships and harsh parenting. Psychology of Violence 9, 298. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org.elibrary.einstein.yu.edu/10.1037/vio0000129.
O’Brien, M., John, R. S., Margolin, G., & Erel, O. (1994). Reliability and diagnostic efficacy of parents’ reports regarding children’s exposure to marital aggression. Violence and Victims, 9(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.1.45.
Article Google Scholar
Owen, A. E., Thompson, M. P., Shaffer, A., Jackson, E. B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2009). Family variables that mediate the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and child adjustment. Journal of Family Violence, 24(7), 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-009-9239-2.
Article Google Scholar
Quinlivan, J. A., & Evans, S. F. (2005). Impact of domestic violence and drug abuse in pregnancy on maternal attachment and infant temperament in teenage mothers in the setting of best clinical practice. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 8(3), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-005-0079-7.
Article Google Scholar
Rea, J. G., & Rossman, B. R. (2005). Children exposed to interparental violence: Does parenting contribute to functioning over time? Journal of Emotional Abuse, 5(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v05n01_01.
Article Google Scholar
Schechter, D. S., Moser, D. A., Pointet, V. C., Aue, T., Stenz, L., Paoloni-Giacobino, A., et al. (2017). The association of serotonin receptor 3A methylation with maternal violence exposure, neural activity, and child aggression. Behavioural Brain Research, 325, 268–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2016.10.009.
Article Google Scholar
Schore, A. N. (2001). The effects of early relational trauma on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22(1–2), 201–269. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:1<201::AID-IMHJ8>3.0.CO;2-9.
Article Google Scholar
Silvern, L., Karyl, J., Waelde, L., Hodges, W. F., Starek, J., Heidt, E., & Min, K. (1995). Retrospective reports of parental partner abuse: Relationships to depression, trauma symptoms and self-esteem among college students. Journal of Family Violence, 10(2), 177–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02110599.
Article Google Scholar
Silverstein, M., Augustyn, M., Cabral, H., & Zuckerman, B. (2006). Maternal depression and violence exposure: Double jeopardy for child school functioning. Pediatrics, 118, e792–e800. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1841.
Article Google Scholar
Steele, H., Steele, M., & Fonagy, P. (1996). Associations among attachment classification of mothers, fathers and their infants. Child Development, 67, 541–555. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01750.x.
Article Google Scholar
Sternberg, K. J., Lamb, M. E., Guterman, E., & Abbott, C. B. (2006). Effects of early and later family violence on children’s behavior problems and depression: A longitudinal, multi-informant perspective. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30(3), 283–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.10.008.
Article Google Scholar
Stith, S. M., Rosen, K. H., Middleton, K. A., Busch, A. L., Lundeberg, K., & Carlton, R. P. (2000). The intergenerational transmission of spouse abuse: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62(3), 640–654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00640.x.
Straus, M. A., Gelles, R. J., & Smith, C. (1990). Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families (pp. 49–73). New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
Google Scholar
Sturge-Apple, M. L., Davies, P. T., Cicchetti, D., & Manning, L. G. (2012). Interparental violence, maternal emotional unavailability and children’s cortisol functioning in family contexts. Developmental Psychology, 48(1), 237–249. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025419.
Article Google Scholar
Tan, C., Basta, J., Sullivan, C. M., & Davidson, W. S. (1995). The role of social support in the lives of women exiting domestic violence shelters: An experimental study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(4), 437–451. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626095010004004.
Theran, S. A., Levendosky, A. A., Anne Bogat, G., & Huth-Bocks, A. C. (2005). Stability and change in mothers’ internal representations of their infants over time. Attachment & Human Development, 7(3), 253–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616730500245609.
Article Google Scholar
Thompson, R. (2007). Mothers’ violence victimization and child behavior problems: Examining the link. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77(2), 306. https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.77.2.306.
Article Google Scholar
Thompson, M. P., Kaslow, N. J., Kingree, J. B., Rashid, A., Puett, R., Jacobs, D., & Matthews, A. (2000). Partner violence, social support, and distress among inner-city African American women. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28(1), 127–143. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005198514704.
Article Google Scholar
Wolf, K. A., & Foshee, V. A. (2003). Family violence, anger expression styles, and adolescent dating violence. Journal of Family Violence, 18(6), 309–316. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026237914406.
Article Google Scholar
Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C. V., Lee, V., McIntyre-Smith, A., & Jaffe, P. G. (2003). The effects of children’s exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6(3), 171–187. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024910416164.
Article Google Scholar
Wolfe, D. A., Jaffe, P., Wilson, S. K., & Zak, L. (1985). Children of battered women: The relation of child behavior to family violence and maternal stress. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(5), 657–665.
Google Scholar
Ybarra, G. J., Wilkens, S. L., & Lieberman, A. F. (2007). The influence of domestic violence on preschooler behavior and functioning. Journal of Family Violence, 22(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-006-9054-y.
Article Google Scholar
Zeanah, C. H., Danis, B., Hirshberg, L., Benoit, D., Miller, D., & Scott Heller, S. (1999). Disorganized attachment associated with partner violence: A research note. Infant Mental Health Journal, 20(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199921)20:1<77::AID-IMHJ6>3.0.CO;2-S.
Article Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Clinical Psychologist, Montefiore Medical Center/ Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
Adella Nikitiades

Authors

Adella Nikitiades
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adella Nikitiades .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma, Alliant International University, San Diego, CA, USA
Robert Geffner
School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensbo, Greensboro, NC, USA
Jacquelyn W. White
Dept of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
L. Kevin Hamberger
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
Alan Rosenbaum
Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
Viola Vaughan-Eden
Education and Research, Zero Abuse Project, St. Paul, MN, USA
Victor I. Vieth

Section Editor information

Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
Ernestine Briggs
School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
Javonda Williams
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School/Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
Michelle Clayton MD, MPH, FAAP
New Orleans Child Advocacy Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
Stacie LeBlanc
School of Social Work - PhD Program, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
Viola Vaughan-Eden
Owner/Principle Consultant & Trainer, Russell Consulting Specialists, LLc, Vancouver, Washington, USA
Amy Russell
Executive Director, Arthur D. Curtis Children's Justice Center http://www.clark.wa.gov/cjc
Amy Russell

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

About this entry

Cite this entry

Nikitiades, A. (2020). Mother-Child Attachment in Violent Contexts: Effect of Complex Trauma and Maternal Trauma History. In: Geffner, R., White, J.W., Hamberger, L.K., Rosenbaum, A., Vaughan-Eden, V., Vieth, V.I. (eds) Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_184-1

Download citation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_184-1
Received: 02 March 2020
Accepted: 25 March 2020
Published: 19 June 2020
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62122-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62122-7
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics