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Taxonomy, Genomics and Ecophysiology of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Microbes pp 1–34Cite as

The Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria (Methanotrophs)

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology ((HHLM))

Abstract

Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) have the unique ability to grow on methane as their sole source of carbon and energy. They are ubiquitous in the environment and play a major role in the removal of the greenhouse gas methane from the biosphere before it is released into the atmosphere. The ability to drive oxygen-dependent methane oxidation was once assumed to be an exceptional property of a very restricted set of microbes belonging to two classes of Proteobacteria: Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. While Proteobacteria still form the foundation of the methanotrophic landscape in many ecosystems, the ability to oxidize methane has also been demonstrated in the microbial phyla Verrucomicrobia and Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (phylum NC10). Over the years various methanotrophs have also been isolated, including facultative methanotrophs, extremophile species, and anaerobes, thus expanding both the taxonomic diversity and physiological range of methanotrophy. In addition, a number of cross-species interactions that enable efficient methane utilization have been identified, changing the way we view mechanisms of methane utilization. Finally, a thorough revision of core metabolic pathways has been made, and whole-genome metabolic models have been constructed, which facilitate the metabolic engineering of methanotrophic bacteria and expand the potential for their biotechnological applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya & Oscar A. Gomez

  2. Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya

  3. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

    J. Colin Murrell

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  1. Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya
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  2. Oscar A. Gomez
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  3. J. Colin Murrell
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Correspondence to Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya .

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  1. University of Essex, School of Biological Sciences University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    Terry J. McGenity

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Kalyuzhnaya, M.G., Gomez, O.A., Murrell, J.C. (2019). The Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria (Methanotrophs). In: McGenity, T. (eds) Taxonomy, Genomics and Ecophysiology of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Microbes. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60053-6_10-1

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