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Trans People, Transitioning, Mental Health, Life, and Job Satisfaction

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Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics

Abstract

For trans people (i.e., people whose gender is not the same as the sex they were assigned at birth), evidence suggests that transitioning (i.e., the steps a trans person may take to live in the gender with which they identify) positively affects extraversion, ability to cope with stress, optimism about the future, positivity towards life, self-reported health, social relations, self-esteem, body image, enjoyment of tasks, personal performance, job rewards, and relations with colleagues. These relationships are found to be enhanced by gender affirmation and support from family members, peers, schools and workplaces, stigma prevention programs, coping intervention strategies, socioeconomic conditions, antidiscrimination policies, and positive actions. Also important are legislation including the ability to change one’s sex on government identification documents without having to undergo sex reassignment surgery, accessible and affordable transitioning resources, hormone therapy, surgical treatments, high-quality surgical techniques, adequate preparation and mental health support before and during transitioning, and proper follow-up care. Societal marginalization, family rejection, violations of human and political rights in health care, employment, housing and legal systems, gendered spaces, and internalization of stigma can negatively affect trans people’s well-being and integration in societies. The present study highlights that although transitioning itself can bring well-being adjustments, a transphobic environment may result in adverse well-being outcomes. Policy makers can learn that policies to facilitate trans people’s transition and create cultures of inclusion in different settings, such as schools, workplaces, and health-care services, may help to improve societal well-being and allow the community to develop their potential and to minimize misery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Economics and International Business, Centre for Pluralist Economics, Faculty of Business and Law, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

    Nick Drydakis

  2. University of Cambridge, Pembroke College, Cambridge, UK

    Nick Drydakis

  3. Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Nick Drydakis

  4. Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, Germany

    Nick Drydakis

  5. Global Labor Organization, Essen, Germany

    Nick Drydakis

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    Klaus F. Zimmermann

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  1. Economics and International Business, Lord Ashcroft International Business School, Centre for Pluralist Economics, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

    Nick Drydakis

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Drydakis, N. (2020). Trans People, Transitioning, Mental Health, Life, and Job Satisfaction. In: Zimmermann, K. (eds) Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_33-1

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