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Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 1689–1694Cite as

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

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Synonyms

Herpes encephalitis; Meningoencephalitis; Viral encephalitis

Short Description

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is an infection of parenchymal brain tissue by either the herpes simplex 1 virus (HSV-1) or, less frequently, the herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV-2). Central nervous system (CNS) infection with HSV-1 or HSV-2 is most often characterized by inflammatory changes and tissue destruction in the temporal lobe. If HSE is suspected, treatment with acyclovir should be immediately initiated. Left untreated, HSV infections of the CNS are fatal in more than 70% of cases. However, with the advent of antiviral therapy with acyclovir, the mortality rate has decreased to 15–20% (Jouan et al. 2015).

Categorization

The herpes viruses are DNA viruses that belong to the larger herpes viridae family (Halperin 2007). The HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses are further subcategorized as Alphaherpesvirinaebased on various characteristics that establish how they will manifest as disease in humans...

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References and Readings

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA

    Bruce J. Diamond & Joseph E. Mosley

Authors
  1. Bruce J. Diamond
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  2. Joseph E. Mosley
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruce J. Diamond .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Diamond, B.J., Mosley, J.E. (2018). Herpes Simplex Encephalitis. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_557

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