Skip to main content

Blessed Dementia Scale

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
  • 26 Accesses

Synonyms

Blessed dementia rating scale (BDRS); Blessed-Roth DS; Dementia scale (DS); Modified Blessed dementia scale (DS); Newcastle DS; Revised dementia scale (RDS)

Description

The Blessed dementia scale (DS) was developed in 1968 by Blessed and colleagues in an attempt to quantify the “degree of intellectual and personality deterioration” (p. 799) in the elderly.

This rating scale consists of 22 items that reflect (1) changes in performance of everyday activities (8 items; e.g., using money and finding one’s way), (2) changes in habits including self-care (3 items; i.e., eating, dressing and continence), and (3) changes in personality, interests, and drives (11 items; e.g., evaluation of rigidity and affect). A close friend or relative is asked to provide these behavior ratings of the examinee over the past 6 months; when unavailable, medical records can be used. The DS is scored on a 0–28-point scale, where higher numbers indicate a larger decrement in functional capacity. On...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   899.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   1,099.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References and Readings

  • Blessed, G., Tomlinson, B. E., & Roth, M. (1968). The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile changes in the cerebral gray matter of elderly subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry, 114(512), 797–811.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blessed, G., Tomlinson, B. E., & Roth, M. (1988). Blessed-Roth Dementia Scale (DS). Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24(4), 705–708.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chandler, M. J., Lacritz, L. H., Hynan, L. S., Barnard, H. D., Allen, G., Deschner, M., et al. (2005). A total score for the CERAD neuropsychological battery. Neurology, 65(1), 102–106.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cole, M. G. (1990). Interrater reliability of the Blessed Dementia Scale. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 35(4), 328–330.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eastwood, M. R., Lautenschlaegar, E., & Corbin, S. (1983). A comparison of clinical methods for assessing dementia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 31(6), 342–347.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erkinjuntti, T., Hokkanen, L., Sulkava, R., & Palos, J. (1988). The Blessed Dementia Scale as a screening test for dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 3, 267–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hargrove, R., Stoeklin, M., Haan, M., & Reed, B. (1998). Clinical aspects of Alzheimer’s disease in black and white patients. Journal of the National Medical Association, 90, 78–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendrie, H. C., Hall, K. S., Brittain, H. M., Austrom, M. G., Farlow, M., Parker, J., et al. (1988). The CAMDEX: A standardized instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorder in the elderly: A replication with a U.S. sample. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 36(5), 402–408.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Juva, K., Maela, M., Erkinjuntti, T., Sulkava, R., Yukoski, R., Valvanne, J., et al. (1997). Functional assessment scales in detecting dementia. Age and Ageing, 26(5), 393–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, L. C. W., Chiu, H. F. K., Li, S. W., Chan, W. F., Chan, C. K. Y., Wong, M., et al. (1997). Screening for dementia: A preliminary study on the validity of the Chinese version of the Blessed-Roth Dementia Scale. International Psychogeriatrics, 9(1), 39–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, J. S., Rodenburg, M., & Dykes, J. A. (1977). A dementia rating scale for use with psychogeriatric patients. Journal of Gerontology, 32, 153–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D. Y., Yoon, J. C., Lee, K. U., Jhoo, J. H., Kim, K. W., Lee, J. H., et al. (1999). Reliability and validity of the Korean version of Short Blessed Test (SBT-K) as a dementia screening instrument. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 38, 1365–1375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., & Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mant, A., Eyland, E. A., Pond, D. C., Saunders, N. A., & Chancellor, A. H. B. (1988). Recognition of dementia in general practice: Comparison of general practitioners’ opinion with assessments using the mini-mental state examination and the Blessed Dementia Scale. Family Practice, 5(3), 184–188.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J. C., Mohs, R. C., Rogers, H., Fillenbaum, G., & Heyman, A. (1988). Consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD) clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer’s disease. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 24(4), 641–651.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roth, M., Tym, E., Mountjoy, C. Q., Huppert, F. A., Hendrie, H., Verma, S., et al. (1986). CAMDEX: A standardized instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorders in the elderly with special reference to early detection of dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 698–709.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stern, Y., Mayeux, R., Sano, M., Hauser, W. A., & Bush, T. (1987). Predictors of disease course in patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 37(10), 1649–1653.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stern, Y., Hesdorffer, D., Sano, M., & Mayeux, R. (1990). Measurement and prediction of functional capacity in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 40(1), 8–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vajdickova, K., Kolibas, E., Heretik, A., & Kosc, M. (1995). Application of behavioural scale in the diagnosis of dementia of advanced age. Ceska A Slovenska Psychiatrie, 91(1), 7–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elisabeth M. S. Sherman .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Keller, A.J., Sherman, E.M.S., Strauss, E. (2018). Blessed Dementia Scale. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_531

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics