Synonyms
Eosinophilic (allergic, idiopathic) esophagitis; Primary eosinophilic esophagitis
Definition
Eosinophilic esophagitis has been described as a variant of the family of presumably allergic eosinophilic disorders that can involve any portion of the gastrointestinal tract (Antonioli and Furuta 2005). The favored interpretation is that it is the result from local hypersensitivity to food- or blood-borne allergens and that antigen-presenting cells play an important role in its pathogenesis (Lucendo et al. 2007). It is a recently recognized disorder that has some features that may mimic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) clinically, endoscopically, and histologically. By definition, patients have normal pH monitoring levels and fail to respond to antireflux therapy. Eosinophilic esophagitis tends to occur in children or young adults, with a strong male predominance, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Many affected patients reveal an allergic history and have...
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References and Further Reading
Antonioli, D. A., & Furuta, G. T. (2005). Allergic eosinophilic esophagitis: A primer for pathologists. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, 22, 266–272.
Furuta, G. T., Liacouras, C. A., Collins, M. H., et al. (2007). Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults: A systematic review and consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology, 133(4), 1342–1363.
Genta, R. M., Spechler, S. J., & Souza, R. F. (2007). The twentieth eosinophil. Advances in Anatomic Pathology, 14, 340–343.
Gonsalves, N. (2007). Food allergies and eosinophilic gastrointestinal illness. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 36, 75–91.
Liacouras, C. A., & Ruchelli, E. (2004). Eosinophilic esophagitis. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 16, 560–566.
Lucendo, A. J., Navarro, M., Comas, C., Pascual, J. M., Burgos, E., Santamaría, L., & Larrauri, J. (2007). Immunophenotypic characterization and quantification of the epithelial inflammatory infiltrate in eosinophilic esophagitis through stereology: an analysis of the cellular mechanisms of the disease and the immunologic capacity of the esophagus. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 31, 598–606.
Markowitz, J. E., Spergel, J. M., Ruchelli, E., & Liacouras, C. A. (2003). Elemental diet is an effective treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adolescents. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 98, 777–782.
Mishra, A., & Rothenberg, M. E. (2003). Intratracheal IL-13 induces eosinophilic esophagitis by an IL-5, eotaxin-1, and STAT6-dependent mechanism. Gastroenterology, 125, 1419–1427.
Potter, J. W., Saeian, K., Staff, D., et al. (2004). Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: An emerging problem with unique esophageal features. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 59, 355–361.
Siafakas, C. G., Ryan, C. K., Brown, M. R., & Miller, T. L. (2000). Multiple esophageal rings: An association with eosinophilic esophagitis: Case report and review of the literature. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 95, 1572–1575.
Spechler, S. J., Genta, R. M., & Souza, R. F. (2007). Thoughts on the complex relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and eosinophilic esophagitis. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 102, 1301–1306.
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Rego, R.L., Lewis, J.T. (2017). Eosinophilic Esophagitis. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1592
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1592
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