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Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Remodeling in Hypertension

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Pediatric Hypertension

Abstract

The endothelium is a critical mediator of blood pressure homeostasis through its roles in producing and interacting with circulating vasoactive compounds, most notably nitric oxide. Endothelial dysfunction is a marker of cardiovascular disease and may develop under a variety of conditions commonly observed in the pediatric population including chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, and childhood obesity. Ongoing endothelial dysfunction eventually leads to adaptive mechanisms, namely, vascular remodeling by which the structure of resistance vessels is altered, as is systemic blood pressure. Multiple factors central to the endothelium contribute to and perpetuate vascular remodeling including hemodynamic forces, reactive oxygen species, and the adipokine adiponectin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., P.O. Box 208064, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Julie Goodwin

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  1. Julie Goodwin
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Correspondence to Julie Goodwin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Seattle Children’s Hospital Division of Nephrology, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn

  2. Division of Nephrology MassGeneral for Children at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. St. Luke’s Health System, Children’s Nephrology and Hypertension, Boise, ID, USA

    Karen M. Redwine

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  1. Pediatric Nephrology Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children at MGH, Harvard Medical School, Fruit St. 55, 02114, Boston, MA, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

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Goodwin, J. (2018). Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Remodeling in Hypertension. In: Flynn, J., Ingelfinger, J., Redwine, K. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31107-4_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31107-4_41

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-31107-4

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