Skip to main content

Protosyntax

  • 40 Accesses

Synonyms

Linear grammar; Linguistic fossils; Precursor to language; Premodern language capacity; Protolanguage

Definition

The term Protosyntax refers in cognitive science to a precursor stage of the human capacity for modern languages. It includes linear phrases with primarily uninflected nouns and verbs.

Introduction

The notion Protosyntax, also called protolanguage or linear grammar, is a possible window to our understanding of how the modern language capacity might have evolved from single words to complex syntactic structures. It typically refers to a hypothetical precursor stage in the language domain, but in principle, it can also refer to other cognitive capacities such as the Protosyntax of music. The linguistic notion implies that language evolved gradually in the hominid lineage from basic to more complex syntactic structures. Protosyntax uses a linear order of words, is non-hierarchical organized, and lacks inflectional morphology. For instance, it does not use inflections...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Bickerton, D. (1981). Roots of language. Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bickerton, D. (1990). Language and species. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Caselli, N., Ergin, R., Jackendoff, R., & Cohen-Goldberg, A. (2014). The emergence of phonological structure in Central Taurus Sign Language. Conference talk: From Sound to Gesture, Padua.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gil, D. (2005). Word order without syntactic categories: How Riau Indonesian does it. In A. Carnie, H. Harley, & S. A. Dooley (Eds.), Verb first: On the syntax of verb-initial languages (pp. 243–263). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hillert, D. (2015). On the evolving biology of language. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01796.

  • Hurford, J. (2012). The origins of grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackendoff, R. (1999). Possible stages in the evolution of language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3, 272–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Progovac, L. (2010). Syntax: Its evolution and its representation in the brain. Biolinguistics, 4, 234–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandler, W., Meir, I., Padden, C., & Aronoff, M. (2005). The emergence of grammar in a new sign language. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(7), 2661–2665.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Senghas, A., Kita, S., & Ozyurek, A. (2004). Children creating core properties of language: Evidence from an emerging sign language in Nicaragua. Science, 305(5691), 1779–1782.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dieter G. Hillert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Hillert, D.G. (2019). Protosyntax. In: Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3851-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3851-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16999-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16999-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Protosyntax
    Published:
    07 March 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3851-3

  2. Protosyntax
    Published:
    04 February 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3851-2

  3. Original

    Protosyntax
    Published:
    06 December 2018

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3851-1