Abstract
Laonikos Chalkokondyles was a seminal Byzantine intellectual and historian. He belongs, together with George Sphrantzes (1401–77/8), Doukas (ca. 1400–70) and Michael Kritoboulos (ca. 1406–10), to the group of the four Byzantine historians who recorded the events of the Fall of Constantinople (1453). Laonikos is one of the few Byzantine historians who dealt extensively with the history of the Ottomans (Tōmadakēs 1993). Ηe composed a history in a way that he “seems to have taken oral … traditions and transformed them into Herodotean-Thucydidean narrative prose” (Kaldellis 2012a), relying at the same time upon various sources. He contributed to the cultivation of the study of Byzantine and Ottoman history and of ancient Greek historiography in the Renaissance, and was influenced by ideas about historical causation.
References
Primary Literature
Chalkokondyles, L. 1843. The Histories. In Laonici Chalcocondylae Atheniensis Historiarum Libri Decem, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, ed. I. Bekker. Bonn.
Chalkokondyles, L. 2014. The Histories. In The histories. Laonikos Chalkokondyles, Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, ed. A. Kaldellis, 2 vols., 33–34. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Cyriac of Ancona. 2003. Later travels, ed. E.W. Bodnar and C. Foss. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Kalosynas, A. 1873. Vies des Chalkokondyles d’Athènes. In Chroniques Gréco-romanes, ed. C. Hopf, 243–245. Paris.
Secondary Literature
Akisik, A. 2013. Self and other in the renaissance: Laonikos Chalkokondyles and late Byzantine intellectuals. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University.
Darkó, E. 1923–24. Zum Leben des Laonikos Chalkondyles. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 24: 29–39.
De Bakker, M. 2015. Explaining the end of an empire: The use of ancient Greek religious views in late byzantine historiography. In God in history: Reading and rewriting Herodotean theology from Plutarch to the renaissance, ed. A. Ellis, vol. 4, 127–171. Histos: Newcastle Upon Tyne.
De Vigneul-Marville, M. 1701. Mélanges d’histoire et de littérature, vol. 3. Paris.
Harris, J. 2003a. The influence of Plethon’s idea of fate on the historian Laonikos Chalkokondyles. In Proceedings of the international congress on Plethon and his time. Mystras 26–29 June 2002, ed. L. Benakis and C. Baloglou, 211–217. Etaireia Plithōnikōn kai Byzantinōn Meletōn: Athens-Mystras.
Harris, J. 2003b. Laonikos Chalkokondyles and the rise of the Ottoman Turks. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 27: 153–170.
Hunger, H. 1978. Die hochsprachliche profane Literatur der Byzantiner. Vol. 1. C.H. Beck: Munich.
Kaldellis, A. 2012a. The date of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories. Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 52: 111–136.
Kaldellis, A. 2012b. The Greek sources of Laonikos Chalkokondyles’ Histories. Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 52: 738–765.
Kaldellis, A. 2012c. The interpolations in the Histories of Laonikos Chalkokondyles. Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 52: 259–283.
Kaldellis, A. 2014a. The Histories. In Laonikos Chalkokondyles, Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, 2 vols, 33–34. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Kaldellis, A. 2014b. A new Herodotos: Laonikos Chalkokondyles on the Ottoman empire, the fall of Byzantium, and the emergence of the West. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press and Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
Kampouroglou, D. 1926. Oi Chalcocondylai. Estia: Athens.
Lamers, H. 2015. Greece reinvented: Transformations of byzantine Hellenism in renaissance Italy. Leiden: Brill.
Markopulos, A. 2000. Das Bild des Anderen bei Laonikos Chalkokondyles und das Vorbild Herodot. Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 50: 205–216.
Miller, W. 1922. The last Athenian historian: Laonikos Chalkokondyles. The Journal of Hellenic Studies 42: 36–49.
Nicoloudis, N. 1996. Laonikos Chalkokondyles: A translation and commentary of the “Demonstrations of Histories” (Books I–III). St. D. Vasilopoulos: Athens.
Preiser-Kapeller, J. 2013. Laonikos Chalkokondyles. In Christian Muslim relations. A biographical history, Vol. V (1350–1500), ed. D. Thomas and Al. Mallett, 481–490. Leiden: Brill.
Tōmadakēs, N.B. 1993. Peri alōseōs tēs Kōnstantinoupoleōs (1453): synagōgē keimenōn meta prologou kai viographikōn meletēmatōn peri tōn tessarōn istoriographōn kai tou Iōsēf tou Vryenniou. Thessaloniki.
Turner, C.J.G. 1964. Pages from late byzantine philosophy of history. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 57 (2): 346–373.
Vryonis, S. 1976. Laonikos Chalkokondyles and the Ottoman budget. International Journal of Middle East Studies 7: 423–432.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Kakkoura, C. (2019). Chalkokondyles, Laonikos. In: Sgarbi, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02848-4_31-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02848-4_31-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-02848-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-02848-4
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Religion and PhilosophyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities