Lisān al-Dīn Ibn al-Khaṭīb

Abstract

The era of Abdul Rahman II in Cordoba (792 AD–852 AD) represents a pivotal stage in the history of Andalusian identity. It is in this era that Andalusians sought to move beyond the quest for stability and turned to the issue of self (essence) in an attempt to create a distinct Andalusian character independent of its Eastern counterpart. To showcase this mission, a general openness to knowledge and an increased veneration to the original sources of radiation in the East were seen as key prerequisites not only for reproducing this Eastern influence on the Andalusian character but rather to build upon it and transcend it. It was envisioned that this formula would create an Andalusian personality that is aware of its routes in the East but also constantly in pursuit of intellectual independence.

On the issue of openness to general and outside knowledge, a key turning point was the introduction of widespread and cross-continental translation endeavors that brought foreign and often epistemic diverse cultures into contact. Central among these was the arrival of Greek philosophical knowledge, which proved attractive to certain key intellectuals. Despite the widespread acceptance of philosophical knowledge in Andalusia, not all those concerned in the evolution of the Andalusian intellectual history are acknowledged equally. This short entry is going to discuss the life and works of one of the often-neglected intellectuals whose philosophical works deserve attention. The entry will look at the life of Lisan al-Din Ibn al-Khatib (Loja 1313–Fez 1374 AD). Specifically, Ibn al-Khatib should be sought for his works in political philosophy, which is not surprising given that he was a statesman and ambassador. A brief account of his philosophical mysticism will also be provided before concluding.