Skip to main content

Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization Technology Using Digoxigenin Detection

  • Protocol
Protocols for Nucleic Acid Analysis by Nonradioactive Probes

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 353))

Abstract

Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization (CKB) is a technique that provides a simultaneous quantitative analysis of 40 microbial species against up to 28 mixed microbiota samples on a single membrane; using digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled, whole-genome DNA probes. Developed initially to study the predominantly Gram-negative dental plaque microorganisms involved in periodontitis, we modified the probe species composition to focus on putative pathogens involved in the development of dental caries. CKB analysis is applicable to species from other biodiverse ecosystems and to a large number of samples. The major limitations are that high-quality DNA is required for the preparation of DIG-labeled probes and standards, and that probe specificity requires careful evaluation. Overall, CKB analysis provides a powerful ecological fingerprint of highly biodiverse microbiota based on key cultivable bacteria.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ward, B. B. (2002) How many species of procaryotes are there? Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 10,234–10,236.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Paster, B. J., Boches, S. K., Galvin, J. L., et al. (2001) Bacterial diversity in human subgingival plaque. J. Bacteriol. 183, 3770–3783.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Becker, M. R., Paster, B. J., Leys, E. J., et al. (2002) Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40, 1001–1009.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Brinig, M. M., Lepp, P. W., Ouverney, C. C., Armitage, G. C., and Relman, D. A. (2003) Prevalence of bacteria of division TM7 in human subgingival plaque and their asociation with disease. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 1687–1694.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Harper-Owen, R., Dymock, D., Booth, V., Weightman, A. J., and Wade, W. G. (1999) Detection of unculturable bacteria in periodontal health and disease by PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 1469–1473.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Torsvik, V., Øveras, L., and Thingstad, T. (2002) Prokaryotic diversity—magnitude, dynamics and controlling factors. Science 296, 1064–1066.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Osborn, A. M., Moore, E. R. B., and Timmis, K. N. (2000) An evaluation of terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis for the study of microbial community structure and dynamics. Environ. Microbiol. 2, 39–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Muyzer, G., De Wall, E. C., and Unterlinden, A. G. (1993) Profiling of complex microbial population by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S RNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59, 695–700.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Munson, M. A., Bannerjee, A., Watson, T. F., and Wade, W. G. (2004) Molecular analysis of the microflora associated with dental caries. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42, 3023–3029.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Anderson, S. A., Sissons, C. H., Coleman, M. J., and Wong, L. (2002) Application of carbon-source utilisation patterns to measue the metabolic similarity of complex dental plaque biofilm microcosms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 5779–5783.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Roche Applied Science. (2000) The DIG Application Manual for Filter Hybridization. Available at: http://www.roche-applied-science.com/.

  12. Socransky, S. S., Smith, C., Martin, L., Paster, B. J., Dewhirst, F. E., and Levin, A. E. (1994) “Checkerboard” DNA-DNA hybridization. Biotechniques 17, 788–792.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Cugini, M. A., Smith, C., and Kent, R. L. (1998) Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J. Clin. Periodontol. 25, 134–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C., et al. (2004) The use of checkerboard DNA:DNA hybridization to study complex microbial ecosystems. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 19, 352–362.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Socransky, S. S. and Haffajee, A. D. (2002) Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets. Periodontology 2000 28, 12–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S., Feres, M., and Ximenez-Fyvie, L. A. (1999) Plaque microbiology in health and disease, in Dental Plaque Revisited (Newman, H. N. and Wilson, M., eds.), Bioline, Cardiff, UK, pp. 255–282.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wall-Manning, G. and Sissons, C. H. (2002) The effect of regrowth after treatment with antimicrobial on the species composition of dental plaque microcosms, in New Zealand Microbiological Society Conference, Christchurch, New Zealand, p. 156.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sissons, C. H., Wong, L., and An, Y. H. (2000) Culture and analysis of bacterial biofilms, in Handbook for Studying Bacterial Adhesion (An, Y. H. and Friedman, R. J., eds.), Humana, Totowa, NJ, pp. 133–169.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Sissons, C. H. (1997) Artificial dental plaque biofilm model systems. Adv. Dent. Res. 11, 110–126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Sissons, C. H., Cutress, T. W., Hoffman, M. P., and Wakefield, J. S. J. (1991) A multi-station dental plaque microcosm (artificial mouth) for the study of plaque growth, metabolism, pH and mineralisation. J. Dent. Res. 70, 1409–1416.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Tanner, A., Maiden, M. F. J., Macuch, P. J., Murray, L. L., and Kent, R. L. (1998) Microbiota of health, gingivitis and initial periodontitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 25, 134–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Smith, G. L. F., Sockransky, S. S., and Smith, C. M. (1989) Rapid method for the purification of DNA from subgingival organisms. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 4, 47–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wall-Manning, G. M., Sissons, C. H., Anderson, S. A., and Lee, M. (2002) Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridisation technology focussed on the analysis of Gram-positive cariogenic bacteria. J. Microbiol. Meth. 51, 301–311.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ludwig, J. A. and Reynolds, J. F. (eds.) (1988) Statistical Ecology, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ximenez-Fyvie, L. A., Haffajee, A. D., Martin, L., Tanner, A., Macuch, P., and Socransky, S. S. (1999) Identification of oral Actinomyces species using DNA probes. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 14, 257–265.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bjournson, A. J. and Cooper, J. E. (1996) Subtraction hybridization for the isolation of strain-specific Rhizobium DNA probes. Meth. Mol. Biol. 50, 145–154.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Janda, J. M. and Abbott, S. A. (2002) Bacterial identification for publication: when is enough enough? J. Clin. Microbiol. 46, 1887–1891.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Paster, B. J., Bartoszyk, I. M., and Dewhirst, F. E. (1998) Identification of oral streptococci using PCR-based reverse-capture, checkerboard hybridization. Meth. Cell Sci. 20, 223–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Socransky, S. S., Haffajee, A. D., Smith, C., Martin, L., Haffajee, J. A., Uzel, N. G., and Goodson, J. M. (2004) Use of Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization to study complex microbial ecosystems. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 19, 352–362.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Gellen, L.S., Wall-Manning, G.M., Sissons, C.H. (2007). Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization Technology Using Digoxigenin Detection. In: Hilario, E., Mackay, J. (eds) Protocols for Nucleic Acid Analysis by Nonradioactive Probes. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 353. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-229-7:39

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-229-7:39

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-430-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-229-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics