Skip to main content

Derivation and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

  • Protocol
  • 1385 Accesses

Part of the book series: Methods In Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 331))

Abstract

Since their derivation in 1998, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been the center of tremendous scientific efforts in improve the existing methodologies for their isolation and maintenance to exhaust the potential use of these unique cells in cell-based therapy and developmental research. To date, there are more than 50 reported well-characterized hESC lines worldwide. hESCs are traditionally isolated from the blastocysts on mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The most used method for isolating the inner cell mass from the human blastocyst is immunosurgery. This chapter focuses on the basic methods for the derivation and maintenance of hESC lines.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Solter D. and Knowles B. B. (1975) Immunosurgery of mouse blastocyst. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 5099–5102.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Evans M. J. and Kaufman M. H. (1981) Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature 292, 154–156.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Martin G. R. (1981) Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78, 7634–7638.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Doetschman T., Williams P., and Maeda N. (1988) Establishment of hamster blastocyst-derived embryonic stem (ES) cells. Dev. Biol. 127, 224–227.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Iannaccone P. M., Taborn G. U., Garton R. L., Caplice M. D., and Brenin D. R. (1994) Pluripotent embryonic stem cells from the rat are capable of producing chimeras. Dev. Biol. 163, 288–292 (erratum in Dev. Biol. 1997;185, 124-125).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Giles J. R., Yang X., Mark W., and Foote R. H. (1993) Pluripotency of cultured rabbit inner cell mass cells detected by isozyme analysis and eye pigmentation of fetuses following injection into blastocysts or morulae. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 36, 130–138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Graves K. H. and Moreadith R. W. (1993) Derivation and characterization of putative pluripotential embryonic stem cells from preimplantation rabbit embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 36, 424–433.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Edwards R. G. (2002) Personal pathways to embryonic stem cells. Reprod. Biomed. Online 4, 263–278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Notarianni E., Galli C., Laurie S., Moor R. M., and Evans M. J. (1991) Derivation of pluripotent, embryonic cell lines from the pig and sheep. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 43, 255–260.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sims M. and First N. L. (1994) Production of calves by transfer of nuclei from cultured inner cell mass cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6143–6147.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Chen L. R., Shiue Y. L., Bertolini L., Medrano J. F., BonDurant R. H., and Anderson G. B. (1999) Establishment of pluripotent cell lines from porcine preimplantation embryos. Theriogenology 52, 195–212.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Mitalipova M., Beyhan Z., and First N. L. (2001) Pluripotency of bovine embryonic stem cell line derived from precompacting embryos. Cloning 3, 59–67.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Thomson J. A. Kalishman J., Golos T. G., Durning M., Harris C. P., Becker R. A., and Hearn J. P. (1995) Isolation of a primate embryonic stem cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 7844–7848.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Thomson J. A., Kalishman J., Golos T. G., Durning M., Harris C. P., and Hearn J. P. (1996) Pluripotent cell lines derived from common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) blastocysts. Biol. Reprod. 55, 254–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Suemori H., Tada T., Torii R., et al. (2001) Establishment of embryonic stem cell lines from cynomolgus monkey blastocysts produced by IVF or ICSI. Dev. Dyn. 222, 273–279.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Thomson J. A., Itskovitz-Eldor J., Shapiro S. S., et al. (1998) Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 282, 1145–1147 (erratum in Science 1998;282, 1827).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Xu C., Inokuma M. S., Denham J., et al. (2001) Feeder-Free growth of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 971–974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Amit M., Shariki C., Margulets V., and Itskovitz-Eldor J. (2004). Feeder and serum free culture system for human embryonic stem cells. Biol Reprod 70, 837–845.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Richards M., Fong C. Y., Chan W. K., Wong P. C., and Bongso A. (2002) Human feeders support prolonged undifferentiated growth of human inner cell masses and embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 20, 933–936.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Amit M., Margulets V., Segev H., et al. (2003) Human feeder layers for human embryonic stem cells. Biol. Reprod. 68, 2150–2156.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hovatta O., Mikkola M., Gertow K., et al. (2003) A culture system using human foreskin fibroblasts as feeder cells allows production of human embryonic stem cells. Hum. Reprod. 18, 1404–1409.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Cheng L., Hammond H., Ye Z., Zhan X., and Dravid G. (2003) Human adult marrow cells support prolonged expansion of human embryonic stem cells in culture. Stem Cells 21, 131–142.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhang S. C., Wernig M., Duncan I. D., Brustle O., and Thomson J. A. (2001) In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 1129–1133.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Kaufman D. S., Hanson E. T., Lewis R. L., Auerbach R., and Thomson J. A. (2001) Hematopoietic colony forming cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 10716–10721.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Xu C., Police S., Rao N., and Carpenter M. K. (2002) Characterization and enrichment of cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Circ. Res. 91, 501–508.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Mummery C., Ward-van Oostwaard D., Doevendans P., et al. (2003) Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to cardiomyocytes: role of coculture with visceral endoderm-like cells. Circulation 107, 2733–2740.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gerecht-Nir S., Ziskind A., Cohan S., and Itskovitz-Eldor J. (2003) Human embryonic stem cells as an in vitro model for human vascular development and the induction of vascular differentiation. Lab. Invest. 83, 1811–1820.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Perrier A. L., Tabar V., Barberi T., et al. (2004) Derivation of midbrain dopamine neurons from human embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 12,543–12,548.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Cowan C. A., Klimanskaya I., McMahon J., et al. (2004) Derivation of embryonic stem-cell lines from human blastocysts. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 1353–1356.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Amit M., Carpenter M. K., Inokuma M. S., et al. (2000) Clonally derived human embryonic stem cell lines maintain pluripotency and proliferative potential for prolonged periods of culture. Dev. Biol. 227, 271–278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Amit M. and Itskovitz-Eldor J. (2002) Derivation and spontaneous differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. J Anat. 200, 225–232.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Amit, M., Itskovitz-Eldor, J. (2006). Derivation and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Human Embryonic Stem Cell Protocols. Methods In Molecular Biology, vol 331. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-046-4:43

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-046-4:43

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-497-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-046-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics