Skip to main content

Imaging Thick Tissues with Confocal Microscopy

  • Protocol
Confocal Microscopy Methods and Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 122))

  • 2408 Accesses

Abstract

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) can be used to obtain optical sections of thick tissues that are relatively free of interfering autofluorescence, and that do not strongly scatter or absorb either the excitation or emission light. This chapter provides protocols used to examine three such tissues: the cornea of the eye, the buccal mucosa (which lines the inner cheek), and the nasal respiratory epithelium. Although in each case our overall motivation was to study the transport of drugs or model compounds across the particular epithelium, the approaches taken were quite different.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Doughty, M. J. (1995) Evaluation of the effects of saline versus bicarbonate-containing mixed salts solutions on rabbit corneal epithelium in vitro. Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. 15(6), 585–599.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Poole, C. A., Brookes, N. H., and Clover, G. M. (1993) Keratocyte networks visualised in the living cornea using vital dyes. J. Cell Sci. 106(2), 685–691.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Merkus, F. W. H. M., Verhoef, J., Romeijn, S. G., and Schipper, N. G. M. (1991) Absorption enhancing effect of cyclodextrins on intranasally administered insulin in rats. Pharm. Res. 8, 588–592.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Marttin, E., Verhoef, J. C., Cullander, C., Romeijn, S. G., Nagelkerke, J. F., and Merkus, F. W. H. M. (1997) Confocal laser scanning microscopic visualization of the transport of dextrans after nasal administration to rats: effects of absorption enhancers. Pharm. Res. 14, 631–637.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Hoogstraate, A. J., Cullander, C., Nagelkerke, J. F., Spies, F., Verhoef, J., Schrijvers, A. H. G. J., Junginger, H. E., and Bodde, H. E. (1996) A novel in-situ model for continuous observation of transient drug concentration gradients across buccal epithelium at the microscopical level. J. Control. Rel. 39, 71–78.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bindra, B. and Heath, J. R. (1997) Adhesion of elastomeric impression materials to trays. J. Oral Rehab. 24, 63–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Imbert, D. and Cullander, C. (1997) Assessment of cornea viability by confocal laser scanning microscopy and MTT assay. Cornea 16, 666–674.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Rojanasakul, Y. and Robinson, J. R. (1989) Transport mechanisms of the cornea: characterization of barrier permselectivity. Int. J. Pharmacol. 55, 237–246.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Huang, A. J., Tseng, S. C., and Kenyon, K. R. (1989) Paracellular permeability of corneal and conjunctival epithelia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 30(4), 684–689.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Imbert, D. and Cullander, C. (1997) Assessment of cornea viability by confocal laser scanning microscopy and MTT assay. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 36(1), 44,45.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Westphal, M., Naush, H., and Zirkel, D. (1996) Cell culture of human brain tumors on extracellular matrices: methodology, and biological applications, in Methods in Molecular Medicine Series: Human Cell Culture Protocols, (Jones, G. E., ed.), Humana Press, Totawa, NJ, pp. 81–100.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Bacallao, R., Kiai, K., and Jesaitis, L. (1995) Guiding principles of specimen preservation for confocal fluorescence microscopy, in Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 311–325.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Stefanini, M., De Martino, C., and Zamboni, L. (1967) Fixation of ejaculated spermatozoa for electron microscopy. Nature 216, 173,174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Hell, S. W. and Stelzer, E. H. K. (1995) Lens aberrations in confocal fluorescence microscopy, in Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 347–354.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Imbert, D., Hoogstraate, J., Marttin, E., Cullander, C. (1999). Imaging Thick Tissues with Confocal Microscopy. In: Paddock, S.W. (eds) Confocal Microscopy Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 122. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-722-X:341

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-722-X:341

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-526-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-722-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics