Skip to main content

Measurement of Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Woodchucks

  • Protocol
Hepatitis B and D Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicineā„¢ ((MIMM,volume 96))

Abstract

Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major health problem, with 350 million people chronically infected worldwide. Chronic HBV infection is characterized by severe hepatic disease sequelae, including chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma (1). The immunologic mechanisms that predispose to the development of chronic HBV infection are not completely understood. However, the cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to HBV is believed to play a crucial role in protection against viral infection, and development of efficient antiviral CMI is probably needed to avoid viral persistence and progression to chronic hepatitis (1).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Chang, K.M. and Chisari, F.V. (1999) Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection. Clin. Liver Dis. 3, 221ā€“239.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  2. Tennant, B.C. (1999) Animal models of hepatitis B virus infection. Clin. Liver Dis. 3, 241ā€“266.

    ArticleĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  3. Cote, P. J. and Gerin, J. L. (1995) In vitro activation of woodchuck lymphocytes measured by radiopurine incorporation and interleukin-2 production: implications for modeling immunity and therapy in hepatitis B virus infection. Hematology 22, 687ā€“699.

    CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  4. Menne, S., Maschke, J., Tolle, T. K., Lu, M., and Roggendorf, M. (1997) Characterization of T-cell response to woodchuck hepatitis virus core protein and protection of woodchucks from infection by immunization with peptides containing a T-cell epitope. J. Virol. 71, 65ā€“74.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  5. Menne, S., Maschke, J., Lu, M., Grosse-Wilde, H., and Roggendorf, M. (1998) T-cell response to woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) antigens during acute self-limited WHV infection and convalescence and after viral challenge. J. Virol. 72, 6083ā€“6091.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  6. Menne, S., Roneker, C. A., Gerin, J. L., Cote, P. J., and Tennant, B. C. (2002) Deficiencies in the acute phase cell-mediated immune response to viral antigens are associated with development of chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection following neonatal inoculation. J. Virol. 76, 1769ā€“1780.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  7. Menne, S., Roneker, C. A., Korba, B.E., Gerin, J.L., Tennant, B.C., and Cote, P. J. (2002) Immunization with surface antigen vaccine alone after treatment with L-FMAU breaks humoral and cell-mediated immune tolerance in chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection J. Virol. 76, 5305ā€“5314.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  8. Nakamura, I., Nupp, J.T., Cowlen, M., et al. (2001) Pathogenesis of neonatal woodchuck hepatitis virus infection: chronicity as an outcome of infection is associated with a diminished acute hepatitis that is temporally deficient for the expression of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNAs. Hematology. 33, 439ā€“447.

    CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  9. Menne, S., Wang, Y., Butler, S., Gerin, J.L., Cote, P. J., and Tennant, B.C. (2002) Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for leucocyte CD and cytokine mRNAs of the Eastern woodchuck (Marmota monax). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 87, 97ā€“105.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  10. Kreuzfelder, E., Menne, S., Ferencik, S., Roggendorf, M., and Grosse-Wilde, H. (1996) Assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation by 2[3H]adenine uptake in the woodchuck model. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 78, 223ā€“227.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  11. Maschke, J., Menne, S., Jacob, J.R., et al. (2001) Thymidine kinases and thymidine utilization in proliferating peripheral blood lymphocytes and hepatic cells of the woodchuck (Marmota monax). Vet. Immun. Immunopathol. 78, 279ā€“296.

    ArticleĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  12. Hervas-Stubbs, S., Lasarte, J. J., Sarobe, P., et al. (1997) Therapeutic vaccination of woodchucks against chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. J. Hepatol. 27, 726ā€“737.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  13. Guo, J. T., Zhou, H., Liu, C, et al. (2000) Apoptosis and regeneration of hepatocytes during recovery from transient hepadnavirus infections. J. Virol. 74, 1495ā€“1505.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  14. Hodgson, P.D. and Michalak, T.I. (2001) Augmented hepatic interferon gamma expression and T-cell influx characterize acute hepatitis progressing to recovery and residual lifelong virus persistence in experimental adult woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. Hepatology 34, 1049ā€“1059.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  15. Nakamura I., Nupp, J.T., Rao, B.S., et al. (1997) Cloning and characterization of partial cDNAs for woodchuck cytokines and CD3Īµ with applications for the detection of RNA expression in tissues by RT-PCR assay. J. Med. Virol. 53, 85ā€“95.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  16. Wang, Y., Menne, S., Jacob, J.R., Tennant, B.C., Gerin, J.L., and Cote, P. J.(2003) Role of type 1 versus type 2 immune responses in liver during the onset of chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. Hepatology 37, 771ā€“780.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  17. Li, D.H., Havell, E.A., Brown, C.I., and Cullen, J.M. (2000) Woodchuck lymphotoxinalpha,-beta, and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, characterization and biologic activity. Gene 242, 295ā€“305.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  18. Lohrengel, B., Lu, M., and Roggendorf, M. (1998) Molecular cloning of the woodchuck cytokines TNF-Ī±, IFN-Ī³, and IL-6. Immunogenetics 47, 332ā€“335.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  19. Lohrengel, B., Lu, M., Bauer, D., and Roggendorf, M. (2000) Expression and purification of woodchuck tumor necrosis factor alpha. Cytokine 12, 573ā€“577.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  20. Michalak, T. I., Hodgson, P. D., and Churchill, N. D. (2000) Posttranscriptional inhibition of class I major histocompatibility complex presentation on hepatocytes and lymphoid cells in chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection. J. Virol. 74, 4483ā€“4494.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  21. Yang, D. L., Lu, M., Hao, L. J., and Roggendorf, M. (2000) Molecular cloning and characterization of major histocompatibility complex class I cDNAs from woodchuck (Marmota monax). Tissue Antigens 55, 548ā€“557.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

Ā© 2004 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Menne, S., Cote, P.J. (2004). Measurement of Cell-Mediated Immune Response in Woodchucks. In: Hamatake, R.K., Lau, J.Y.N. (eds) Hepatitis B and D Protocols. Methods in Molecular Medicineā„¢, vol 96. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-670-3:27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-670-3:27

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-108-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-670-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics