Skip to main content

Affinity Precipitation Methods

  • Protocol
  • 6279 Accesses

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 244))

Abstract

Affinity chromatography (see Chapter 16) is a powerful protein purification technique that exploits the specific interaction between a biological ligand (e.g., a substrate, coenzyme, hormone, antibody, or nucleic acid) or its synthetic analog and its complementary binding site on a protein. One of the variations on this technique (see refs. 1 and 2 for reviews) was that of affinity precipitation. As in affinity chromatography, the protein binds to a specific ligand, but the latter is free in solution, rather than bound to an insoluble support. Ligand binding results in the precipitation of the protein, which may then be separated by centrifugation. The pellet contains the protein of interest and the ligand, whereas the other components of the mixture remain in the supernatant, allowing easy separation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Irwin, J. A. and Tipton, K. F. (1995) Affinity precipitation: a novel approach to protein purification. Essays Biochem. 29, 137–156.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gupta, M. N., Kaul, R., Guoqiang, D., Dissing, U., and Mattiasson, B. (1996) Affinity precipitation of proteins. J. Mol. Recogn. 9, 356–359.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chaga, G. S., Guzman, R., and Porath, J. O. (1997) A new method of synthesizing biopolymeric affinity ligands. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 26, 7–14.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Mori, T., Umeno, D., and Maeda, M. (2001) Sequence-specific affinity precipitation of oligonucleotide using poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-oligonucleotide conjugate. Biotech. Bioeng. 72, 261–268.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Larsson, P.-O., and Mosbach, K. (1979). Affinity precipitation of enzymes. FEBS Lett. 98, 333–338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Flygare, S., Griffin, T., Larsson, P.-O., and Mosbach, K. (1983) Affinity precipitation of dehydrogenases. Anal. Biochem. 133, 409–416.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Larsson, P.-O., Flygare, S., and Mosbach, K. (1984). Affinity precipitation of dehydrogenases. Methods Enzymol. 104, 364–369

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Beattie, R. E., Graham, L. D., Griffin, T. O., and Tipton, K. F. (1985). Purification of NAD+-dependent dehydrogenases by affinity precipitation with adipo-N 2,N 2′-dihydrazido bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-NAD+) (bis-NAD+) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 12, 433.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Irwin, J. A. and Tipton, K. F. (1995) Resolution of lactate dehydrogenase isoforms by affinity precipitation. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 23, 365S.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Beattie, R. E., Buchanan, M., and Tipton, K. F. (1987). The synthesis of N 2,N 2′-adipodihydrazido-bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-ATP) and its use in the purification of phospho-fructokinase. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 15, 1043–1044.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Larsson, P.-O. and Mosbach, K. (1981). Novel affinity techniques. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 9, 285–287.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Feinstein, A. and Rowe, A. J. (1965) Molecular mechanism of formation of an antigen-antibody complex. Nature 205, 147–149.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. O’Carra, P. (1978). Theory and practice of affinity chromatography, in Chromatography of Synthetic and Biological Polymers, vol. 2. (Epton, R., ed.), Ellis Horwood, for the Chemical Society, London, pp. 131–158.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Irwin, J. A. and Tipton K. F. (1996) Affinity precipitation of dehydrogenases with bis-NADH derivatives. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 24, 11S.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hayet, M and Vijayalakshmi, M. A. (1986). Affinity precipitation of proteins using bis-dyes. J. Chromatogr. 376, 157–161.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lowe, C. R. and Pearson, J. C. (1983). Bio-mimetic dyes, in Affinity Chromatography and Biological Recognition (Chaiken, I. M., Wilchek, M., and Parikh, I., eds.), Academic, London, pp. 421–432.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Pearson, J. C, Burton, S. J., and Lowe, C. R. (1986). Affinity precipitation of lactate dehydrogenase with a triazine dye derivative: selective precipitation of rabbit muscle lactate dehydrogenase with a Procion Blue H-B analog. Anal. Biochem. 158, 382–389.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Pearson, J. C, Clonis, Y. D., and Lowe, C. R. (1989) Preparative affinity preparation of l-lactate dehydrogenase. J. Biotechnol. 11, 267–274.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Lilius, G, Persson, M., Bülow, L., and Mosbach, K. (1991) Metal affinityprecipitation of proteins carrying genetically attached polyhistidine affinity tails. Eur. J. Biochem. 198, 499–504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Van Dam, M. E., Wuenschell, G. E., and Arnold, F. H. (1989). Metal affinity precipitation of proteins. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 11, 492–502.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Schneider, M., Guillot, C, and Lamy, B. (1981) The affinity precipitation technique. Application to the isolation and purification of trypsin from bovine pancreas. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 369, 257–263.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Senstad, C. and Mattiasson, B. (1989) Affinity-precipitation using chitosan as ligand carrier. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 33, 216–220.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Senstad, C. and Mattiasson, B. (1989) Purification of wheat germ agglutinin using affinity flocculation with chitosan and a subsequent centrifugation or flotation step. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 34, 387–393.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Kamihira, M., Kaul, R., and Mattiasson, B. (1992). Purification of recombinant protein A by aqueous two-phase extraction integrated with affinity precipitation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 40, 1381–1387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bradshaw, A. P. and Sturgeon, R. J. (1990) The synthesis of soluble polymer-ligand complexes for affinity precipitation studies. Biotechnol. Techn. 4, 67–71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Senstad, C. and Mattiasson, B. (1989). Preparation of soluble affinity complexes by a second affinity interaction: a model study. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 11, 41–48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Linné, E., Garg, N., Kaul, R., and Mattiasson, B. (1992). Evaluation of alginate as a ligand carrier in affinity precipitation. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 16, 48–56.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gupta, M. N., Dong, G Q., and Matiasson, B. (1993). Purification of endo-polygalacturonase by affinity precipitation using alginate. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 18, 321–328.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Chen, J. P. and Hoffman, A. S. (1990). Polymer-protein conjugates. II. Affinity precipitation separation of human immunogammaglobulin by a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)-protein A conjugate. Biomaterials 11, 631–634.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Eggert, M., Baltes, T, Garret-Flaudy F., and Freitag, R. (1998) Affinity precipitation—an alternative to fluidized bed adsorption? J. Chromatogr. A 827, 269–280.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Garret-Flaudy, F and Freitag, R. (2001) Use of the avidin (imino)biotin system as a general approach to affinity precipitation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 71, 223–234.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kumar, A., Galaev, I. Y., and Mattiasson, B. (1998) Metal chelate affinity precipitation: a new approach to protein purification. Bioseparation 7, 185–194.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Graham, L. D., Griffin, T. O., Beatty, R. E., McCarthy, A. D., and Tipton, K. F. (1985). Purification of liver glutamate dehydrogenase by affinity precipitation and studies on its denaturation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 828, 266–269.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Bergmeyer, H. U., Graß, M., and Walter, H.-E. (1983), in Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Vol. 2, 3rd ed. (Bergmeyer, H. U., Bergmeyer, J., and Graß, M., eds.), Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp. 126–328.

    Google Scholar 

  35. LaemmLi, U. K (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680–685.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Mosbach, K, Larsson, P.-O., and Lowe, C. (1976) Immobilized coenzymes. Methods Enzymol. 44, 859–887.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Engel, J. D. (1975) Mechanism of the Dimroth rearrangement in adenine. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 64, 581–585.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Buchanan, M. (1988) The synthesis of N 2,N 2′-adipodihydrazido-bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-NAD+) and N 2,N 2′-adipodihydrazido-bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-ATP) and subsequent affinity precipitation of enzymes. M.Sc. thesis, University of Dublin.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Beattie, R. E. (1984) The synthesis of N 2,N 2′-adipodihydrazido-bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-NAD+) and its use in the purification of dehydrogenases. M.Sc. thesis, University of Dublin.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Bückmann, A. F. (1987) A new synthesis of coenzymically active water-soluble macromolecular NAD and NADP derivatives. Biocatalysis 1, 173–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Bückmann, A. F. and Wray, V. (1992) A simplified procedure for the synthesis and purification of N 6-(2-aminoethyl)-NAD and tricyclic 1,N 6-ethanoadenine NAD. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 15, 303–310.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Butler, P. J. G. and Thelwall Jones, G. M. (1970) The preparation of alcohol dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from baker’s yeast. Biochem. J. 118, 375–378.

    Google Scholar 

  43. McCarthy, A. D., Walker, J. M., and Tipton, K. F. (1980) Purification of glutamate dehydrogenase from ox brain and liver. Evidence that commercially available preparations of the enzyme have suffered proteolytic cleavage. Biochem. J. 191, 605–611.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Phelps, C. (1984), in Techniques in the Life Sciences: Volume B1/1 Supplement, BS 104, Protein and Enzyme Biochemistry (Tipton, K. F, ed.), Elsevier, Dublin, pp 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Buchanan, M., O’Dea, C. D., Griffin, T O., and Tipton, K. F (1989) Reversible crosslinking of alcohol and lactate dehydrogenases with the bifunctional reagent N 2, N 2′-adipodihydrazido-bis-(N 6-carboxymethyl-NAD+). Biochem. Soc. Trans. 17, 422.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Irwin, J.A., Tipton, K.F. (2004). Affinity Precipitation Methods. In: Cutler, P. (eds) Protein Purification Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 244. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-655-X:205

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-655-X:205

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-067-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-655-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics