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Atomic Force Microscopy pp 13–23Cite as

Imaging Methods in Atomic Force Microscopy

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 242))

Abstract

One can easily distinguish between two general modes of operation of the atomic force microscope (AFM) depending on absence or presence in the instrumentation of an additional device that forces the cantilever to oscillate in the proximity of its resonant frequency. The first case is usually called static mode, or DC mode, because it records the static deflection of the cantilever, whereas the second takes a variety of names (some patented) among which we may point out the resonant or AC mode. In this case, the feedback loop will try to keep at a set value not the deflection but the amplitude of the oscillation of the cantilever while scanning the surface. To do this, additional electronics are necessary in the detection circuit, such as a lock-in or a phase-locked loop amplifier, and also in the cantilever holder to induce the oscillatory excitation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Davide Ricci

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Center of Respiratory Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Pier Carlo Braga

Authors
  1. Davide Ricci
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  2. Pier Carlo Braga
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Pier Carlo Braga

  2. Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Davide Ricci

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© 2004 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Ricci, D., Braga, P.C. (2004). Imaging Methods in Atomic Force Microscopy. In: Braga, P.C., Ricci, D. (eds) Atomic Force Microscopy. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 242. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-647-9:13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-647-9:13

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-094-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-647-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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