Abstract
The discoveries by Jack Roberts and Jason Morrow of the nonenzymatic oxidation of cell membrane phospholipids to form isoprostanes has revolutionized the field of eicosanoids (1). Prior to their discoveries, it was dogma that the important biologically active eicosanoids were formed by enzymes acting on arachidonic acid that had been cleaved from phospholipids by the action of phospholipases. Their research has clearly shown that important biologically active fatty acid metabolites are formed in a variety of inflammatory conditions from the action of oxygen radicals on arachidonic acid, while it is still present in complex phospholipids. These oxidized compounds may alter cell structure and signaling, and when released by the action of phospholipases, are immediately available to bind to receptors to modulate cell activity. The free radical attack on arachidonate yields an endoperoxide which can then be transformed nonenzymatically to F, D, E ring prostaglandins. Thus, each enzymatically formed eicosanoid appears to have its own class of isoprostanes, including isothromboxanes (2,3). Likewise, the isoleukotrienes have been described. In addition, compounds such as the hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) can also be formed in this fashion (4,5). The biologic activity of these compounds is only now being examined.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Liu, T., Stern, A., Roberts, L. J., and Morrow J. D. (1999) The isoprostanes: novel prostaglandin-like products of the free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid J. Biomed. Science 6, 226–235.
Morrow, J. D., Roberts, L. J., Daniel, V. C., Awad, J. A., Mirochnitchenko, O., Swift L. L., and Burk, R. F. (1998) Comparison of formation of D2/E2isoprostanes and F2-isoprostanes in vitro and in vivo-effects of oxygen tension and glutathione. Arch. Biochem. Biophysi. 53, 160–171.
Taber, D. F., Morrow, J. D., and Roberts, L. J. II. (1997) A nomenclature system for the isoprostanes. Prostaglandins 53, 63–67.
Mallat, Z., Nakamura, T., Ohan, J., Leseche, G., Tedgui, A., Maclouf, J., and Murphy, R. C. (1999) The relationship of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and F2-isoprostanes to plaque instability in human carotid atherosclerosis. J. Clin. Invest. 103, 421–427.
Murphy, R. C., Khaselev, N., Nakamura, T., and Hall, L. M. (1999) Oxidation of glycerophospholipids from biological membranes by reactive oxygen species: liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of eicosanoid products. J. Chromat., Biomed. Sciences & Applications. 731, 59–71.
Morrow, J. D., and Roberts, L. J. II (1999) Mass spectrometric quantification of F2-isoprostanes inbiological fluids and tissues as measure of oxidant stress. Methods in Enzymology 300, 3–12.
Dworski, R., Murray, J. J., Roberts, L. J. II, Oates, J. A., Morrow, J. D., Fisher, L, and Sheller, J. R. (1999) Allergen-induced synthesis of F2-Isoprostanes inatopic asthmatics: evidence for oxidant stress. Am. J. Respir. Crit. CareMed. 160, 1947–1951.
Montuschi, P., Ciabattoni, G., Paredi, P., Pantelidis, P., duBois, R. M., Kharitonov, S. A., and Barnes, P. J. (1998) 8-Isoprostane as a biomarker of oxidative stress in interstitial lung diseases. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158, 1524–1527.
Proudfoot, J., Barden, A., Mori, T. A., Burke, V., Croft, K. D., Beilin, L. J., and Puddey, I. B. (1999) Measurement of urinary F2-isoprostanes as markers of in vivo lipid peroxidarion-A comparison of enzyme immunoassay with 995 chromarography/mass spectrometry. Analytical Biochemistry 272, 209.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ,
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Dworski, R., Christman, B.W., Sheller, J.R. (2001). Quantitative Analysis of F2 Isoprostanes. In: Rogers, D.F., Donnelly, L.E. (eds) Human Airway Inflammation. Methods in Molecular Medicine, vol 56. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-151-5:423
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-151-5:423
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-923-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-151-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols