Abstract
The vascular endothelium forms an essential barrier against invasion by Neisseria meningitidis from the nasopharynx into the circulation and against meningococcal invasion from the bloodstream into the brain. In previous chapters, there has therefore been considerable emphasis on techniques designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying meningococcal interactions with epithelial and endothelial surfaces. The vascular endothelium is also a major target for the host inflammatory response to meningococcal infection and indeed the ensuing endothelial damage underlies many of the clinical manifestations associated with this condition (1,2). For this reason, our work has focused on understanding the cellular and molecular consequences of meningococcalendothelial interactions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Brandtzaeg P. (1995) Pathogenesis of meningococcal disease, in Meningococcal Disease (Cartwright K., ed.), John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, pp. 71ā114.
Heyderman R. S. and Habibi P. (2000) Meningococcal infections of the skin, in Textbook of Paediatric Dermatology (Harper J., Oranje A., and Prose N., eds.), Blackwell Science, Oxford, pp. 384ā394.
Soto M. N., Langer B., Hoshino-Shimizu S., and de Brito T. (1976) Pathogenesis of cutaneous lesions in acute meningococcemia in humans: light, immunofluorescent, and electron microscopic studies of skin biopsy specimens. J. Infect. Dis. 133, 506ā514.
Klein N. J., Ison C. A., Peakman M., et al. (1996) The influence of capsulation and lipooligosaccharide structure on neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and endothelial injury by Neisseria meningitidis. J. Infect. Dis. 173, 172ā179.
Klein N. J., Levin M., Strobel S., and Finn A. (1993) Degredation of glycosaminoglycans and fibronectin on endotoxin-stimulated endothelium by adherent neutrophils: relationship to CD11b/CD18 and L-selectin expression. J. Infect. Dis. 167, 890ā898.
Daramola O. A., Heyderman R. S., Klein N. J., Shennan G. I., and Levin M. (1997) Detection of fibronectin on the surface of human endothelial cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): enzymatic degradation by activated plasminogen. J. Immunol. Methods 202, 67ā75.
Dixon G. L. J., Heyderman R. S., Kotovicz K., et al. (1999) Endothelial adhesion molecule expression and its inhibition by recombinant bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (rBPI21) is influenced by the capsulation and LOS structure of Neisseria meningitidis. Infect. Immun. 67, 5626ā5633.
Heyderman R. S., Ison C. A., Peakman M., Levin M., and Klein N. J. (1999) Neutrophil response to Neisseria meningitidis: inhibition of adhesion molecule expression and phagocytosis by recombinant bactericidal/ permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21). J. Infect. Dis. 179, 1288ā1292.
Heyderman R. S., Klein N. J., Ison C. A., et al. (1997) The induction of human endothelial tissue factor expression by Neisseria meningitidis. Microb. Pathog. 22, 265ā274.
Peters M. J., Dixon G., Kotowicz K. T., et al. (1999) Circulating plateletneutrophil complexes represent a subpopulation of activated neutrophils primed for adhesion, phagocytosis and intracellular killing. Br. J. Haematol. 106, 391ā399.
Klein N., Shennan G., Heyderman R., and Levin M. (1992) Alteration in glycosaminoglycan metabolism and surface charge on human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by cytokines, endotoxin and neutrophils. J. Cell Sci. 102, 821ā832.
Klein N. J., Shennan G. I., Heyderman R. S., and Levin M. (1993) Detection of glycosaminoglycans on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells using gold conjugated poly-l-lysine with silver enhancement. J. Histochem. Biochem. 25, 291ā298.
Heyderman R. S., Klein N. J., Daramola O. A., and Levin M. (1995) Modulation of the endothelial procoagulant response to lipopolysaccharide and tumour necrosis factor-Ī± in vitro: evaluation of new treatment strategies. Inflamm. Res. 44, 275ā280.
Hammerschmidt S., Birkholz C., ZƤhringher U., et al. (1994) Contribution of genes from the capsule gene complex (cps) to lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis and serum resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. Mol. Microbiol. 11, 885ā896.
Jaffe E. A., Nachman R. L., Becker C. G., and Minick C. R. (1973) Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins. J. Clin. Invest. 52, 2745ā2756.
Gimbrone M. A., Cotran R. S., and Folkman J. (1974) Human vascular endothelium in culture: growth and DNA synthesis. J. Cell. Biol. 60, 673ā684.
Klotz S. A. and Maca R. D. (1988) Endothelial cell contraction increases Candida adherence to exposed extracellular matrix. Infect. Immun. 56, 2495ā2498.
Liotta L. A., Lee C. W., and Morakis D. J. (1980) New method for preparing large surfaces of intact human basement membrane for tumor invasion studies. Cancer Lett. 11, 141ā152.
Gonmori H. and Takeda Y. (1976) Properties of human tissue thromboplastins from brain, lung, arteries and placenta. Thromb. Haemost. 36, 90ā103.
Dacie J. V. and Lewis S. M. (1990) Practical Haematology, 7th ed. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Heyderman E. (1979) Immunoperoxidase technique in histopathology: applications, methods and controls. J. Clin. Pathol. 32, 971ā978.
Colucci G., Balconi G., Lorenzet R., Pietra A., and Locati D. (1983) Cultured human endothelial cells generate tissue factor in response to endotoxin. J. Clin. Invest. 71, 1893ā1896.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
Ā© 2001 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Heyderman, R.S., Klein, N.J. (2001). Interactions of Meningococci with Endothelium. In: Walker, J.M., Pollard, A.J., Maiden, M.C.J. (eds) Meningococcal Disease. Methods in Molecular Medicineā¢, vol 67. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-149-3:649
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-149-3:649
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-849-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-149-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols