Abstract
Lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3) are conventionally defined as enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acylglycerols to release a fatty acid and lower acylglycerols or glycerol itself. However, this definition is rather restrictive, because these enzymes also cleave a wide variety of other esters as well as amides. In addition, lipases catalyze the corresponding reverse reactions that are normally carried out in media containing only small amounts of water. Indeed, water formed as a by-product of these synthetic reactions should be removed from the reaction mixture in order to shift the position of thermodynamic equilibrium so as to favor the synthetic reactions. A wide variety of industrially important lipase-mediated transformations have been carried out to date (1) in numerous organic solvents (2). Cernia et al. (3) have recently reviewed the role of solvent polarity and hydrophobicity in modulating lipase activity. The present work describes lipase-catalyzed biotransformations in mixtures of liquid substrates because this approach circumvents the need for organic solvents.
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Otero, C., Arcos, J.A., Garcia, H.S., Hill, C.G. (2001). Enzymatic Synthesis and Hydrolysis Reactions of Acylglycerols in Solvent-Free Systems. In: Vulfson, E.N., Halling, P.J., Holland, H.L. (eds) Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents. Methods in Biotechnology, vol 15. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-112-4:479
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-112-4:479
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