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Immobilization of Enzymes and Control of Water Activity in Low-Water Media

Properties and Applications of Celite R-640 (Celite Rods)

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Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents

Part of the book series: Methods in Biotechnology ((MIBT,volume 15))

Abstract

Celite R-640 is a chemically inert, silica-based matrix that consists of diatomaceous earth broken up and subsequently recalcined to create porous particles with controlled pore sizes (1). This type of porous Celite differs from Celite powder in its capacity to adsorb water (more than 90% of Celite weight). Recently, it has been demonstrated that Celite R-640 in organic solvent adsorbs and releases water such that water activity (aw) is maintained constant in a reaction system within defined ranges of water concentrations (2,3). Celite R-640 rods can be used not only as support for enzyme adsorption (2) but also as additives in reactions catalyzed by immobilized enzymes. These features make Celite R-640 a practical and simple tool for avoiding some of the problems related to the variation of the water activity/ concentration occurring in biotransformations in low-water media. However, Celite R-640 cannot replace hydrated salts (4) in a large number of contexts because, at present, there is no established method for fixing the water activity at different values by using Celite R-640. In the following sections the properties of Celite R-640 and their applications to biotransformations in organic solvents are described.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universitá degli Studi, Piazzale Europa, Italy

    Lucia Gardossi

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  1. Lucia Gardossi
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK

    Evgeny N. Vulfson

  2. University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

    Peter J. Halling

  3. Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada

    Herbert L. Holland

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© 2001 Humana Press Inc.

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Gardossi, L. (2001). Immobilization of Enzymes and Control of Water Activity in Low-Water Media. In: Vulfson, E.N., Halling, P.J., Holland, H.L. (eds) Enzymes in Nonaqueous Solvents. Methods in Biotechnology, vol 15. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-112-4:151

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-112-4:151

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-929-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-112-1

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