Skip to main content

Molecular Detection of Circulating Prostate Cancer Cells

  • Protocol
Molecular Pathology Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicineā„¢ ((MIMM,volume 49))

  • 919 Accesses

Abstract

Molecular methods have proven extremely useful for the detection of occult tumor cells and can yield valuable clinical information as well as a better understanding of the mechanisms of metastasis and relapse of cancer (1). In the case of many hematopoietic malignancies, the presence of a unique molecular marker such as a chromosomal translocation has made this task relatively straightforward. Carcinomas generally lack such markers, however. Certain oncogene mutations have been targeted, but the lack of consistent and specific markers has remained problematic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Glaves, D. (1986) Detection of circulating metastatic cells, in Cancer Metastasis: Experimental and Clinical Strategies (Welch, D. R., Bhuyan, B. K., and Liotta, L. A., eds.), Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 151ā€“165.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  2. Moreno, J. G., Croce, C. M., Fisher, zR., et al. (1992) Detection of hematogenous micrometastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 52, 6110ā€“6112.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  3. Ghossein, R. A. and Rosai, J. (1996) Polymerase chain reaction in the detection of micrometastases and circulating tumor cells. Cancer 78, 10ā€“16.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  4. Raj, G. V., Moreno, J. G., and Gomella, L. G. (1998) Utilization of polymerase chain reaction technology in the detection of solid tumors. Cancer 82, 1419ā€“1442.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  5. Katz, A. E., Olsson, C. A., Raffo, A. J., et al. (1994) Molecular staging of prostate cancer with the use of an enhanced reverse transcriptase-PCR assay. Urology 43, 765ā€“775.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  6. Oefelein, M. G., Kaul, K., Herz, B., Blum, M. D., Holland, J. M., Keeler, T. C., Cook, W. A., and Ignatoff, J. M. (1996) Molecular Detection of prostate epithelial cells from the surgical field and peripheral circulation during radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 155, 238ā€“242.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  7. Oefelein, M. G., Ignatoff, J. M., Clemens, Q., Watkin, W., and Kaul, K. L. (1999) Clinical and molecular followup after radical retropubic prostatectomy. J. Urol. 162, 307ā€“310.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  8. Ignatoff, J. M., Oefelein, M. G., Watkin, W., et al. (1997) Prostate specific antigen-reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay in preoperative staging of prostate cancer. J. Urol. 158, 1870ā€“1875.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  9. Israeli, R. S., Miller, W. H., Su, S. L., et al. (1994) Sensitive nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction detection of circulating prostate tumor cells: comparison of prostate specific membrane antigen and prostate specific antigen based assays. Cancer Res. 54, 6306ā€“6310.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  10. Seiden, M. V., Kantoff, P. W., Krithivas, K., et al. (1994) Detection of circulating tumor cells in men with localized prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12, 2634ā€“2639.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  11. Jaakkola, S., Vornanen, T., Leinonen, J., et al. (1995) Detection of prostatic cells in peripheral blood: correlation with serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen. Clin. Chem. 41, 182ā€“186.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  12. Loric, S., Dumas, F., Eschwege, P., et al. (1995) Enhanced detection of hematog-enous circulating prostatic cells in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma by using nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay based on prostate-specific membrane antigen. Clin. Chem. 41, 1698ā€“1704.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  13. Sokoloff, M. H., Tso, C. L., Kaboo, R., et al. (1996) Quantitative polymerase chain reaction does not improve preoperative cancer staging: a clinico-pathological molecular analysis of 121 patients. J. Urol. 156, 1560ā€“1566.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  14. Ghossein, R. A., Rosai, J., Scher, H. I., et al. (1997) Prognostic significance of detection of prostate-specific antigen transcripts in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic androgen-independent prostatic carcinoma. Urology 50, 100ā€“105.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  15. Kawakami, M., Okaneya, T., Furihata, K., et al. (1997) Detection of prostate cancer cells circulating in peripheral blood by reverse transcription-PCR for hKLK2. Cancer Res. 57, 4167ā€“4170.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  16. Corey, E., Arfman, E. W., Oswin, M. M., et al. (1997) Detection of circulating prostate cells by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of human glandular kallikrein (hK2) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) messages. Urology 50, 184ā€“188.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  17. Corey, E., Arfman, E. W., Liu, A. Y., et al. (1997) Improved protocol for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction protocol with exogenous internal competitive control for prostate specific antigen mRNA in blood and bone marrow. Clin. Chem. 43, 443ā€“452.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  18. Gomella, L. G., Raj, G. V., and Moreno, J. G. (1997) Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostate specific antigen in the management of prostate cancer. J. Urol. 158, 326ā€“337.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  19. Noguchi, M., Miyajima, J., Itoh, K., et al. (1997) Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with prostate cancer using prostate specific membrane-derived primers in the polymerase chain reaction. Int. J. Urol. 4, 374ā€“379.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  20. Wood, D. P. and Banerjee, M. (1997) Presence of circulating prostate cells in the bone marrow of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy is predictive of disease-free survival. J. Clin. Oncol. 15, 3451.

    PubMedĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  21. Thiounn, N., Saporta, F., Flam, T. A., et al. (1997) Positive prostate-specific antigen circulating cells detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction does not imply the presence of prostatic micrometastases. Urology 50, 245ā€“250.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  22. Ellis, W. J., Vessella, R. L., Corey, E., et al. (1998) The value of a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay in preoperative staging and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer. J. Urol. 159, 1134ā€“1138.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  23. Vessela, R. L., Lange, P. H., Blumenstein, B. A., et al. (1998) Multicenter RT-PCR PSA clinical trial for preoperative staging of prostate cancer. J. Urol. 159, 292A.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  24. Van Nguyen, C., Song, W., Scardino, P. T., et al. (1998) RT-PCR for PSA and hK2: implications for staging and patient management in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 159, 292A.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  25. Nejat, R. J., Katz, A. E., Benson, M. C., et al. (1998) Enhanced RT-PCR for PSA combined with serum PSA predicts pathologic stage and outcome in 300 radical prostatectomy patients. J. Urol. 159, 291 A.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  26. Grasso, Y. Z., Gupta, M. K., Levin, H. S., et al. (1998) Combined nested RT-PCR assay for prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients: correlation with pathological stage. Cancer Res. 58, 1456ā€“1459.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  27. Krafft, A. E., Duncan, B. W., Bijwaard, K. E., Taubenberger, J. K., and Lichy, J. H. (1997) Optimization of the isolation and amplification of RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue: the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology experience and literature review. Mol. Diagn. 2, 217.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  28. Kaul, K. L., Hanna, W. L., Luke, S., Oda, J., and King, S. T. (1997) Molecular assays for detecting micrometastases in patient blood. Clin. Chem. 43, S92.

    Google ScholarĀ 

  29. Lintula, S. and Stenman, U. (1997) Expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen in peripheral blood leukocytes. J. Urol. 157, 1969.

    ArticleĀ  PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

  30. Gala, J.-L., Heusterspreute, M., Loric, S., Hanon, F., Tombal, B., Van Cangh, P., De Nayer, P., and Phillipe, M. (1998) Expression of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen transcripts in blood cells: implications for the detection of prostate cells and standardization. Clin. Chem. 44, 472ā€“481.

    PubMedĀ  CASĀ  Google ScholarĀ 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

Ā© 2001 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Kaul, K.L. (2001). Molecular Detection of Circulating Prostate Cancer Cells. In: Killeen, A.A. (eds) Molecular Pathology Protocols. Methods in Molecular Medicineā„¢, vol 49. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-081-0:177

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-081-0:177

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-681-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-081-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics