Abstract
Perhaps the most fundamental question that faces the laboratory scientist is, “Which model system should I use to investigate the problem?” Failure to adequately address this issue can compromise even the most meticulous and inspired research program. If this is such a thorny issue, why use model systems at all? As with most biological systems, ovarian cancer is a complex disorder comprising tumor cells, stromal tissues, neovascularization, inflammatory responses, and other host responses to the tumor. Experimental science best progresses by controling all but a single variable and observing what occurs when that variable is modulated. Almost by definition, this requires a homogenous group of samples to work with. Using human cancer patients for research, it becomes rapidly apparent that the diverse nature of the tumors and the hosts greatly complicates such an approach, hence the development of various model systems. The problem with model systems is simple, they are models-not the true disease states, by their very nature they are less than perfect reflections of the way in which the system under investigation performs in vivo in the normal host. Model systems are essential research tools, but have to be used appropriately.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Barnes, K. L., Sirbasku, Z., and Sato, C. (1984) Cell Culture Methods for Molecular and Cell Biology (Barnes, ed.), vol. 1.
Tsao, S. W., Mok, S. C., Fey, E. G., Fletcher, J. A., Wan, T. S., Chew, E. C., et al. (1995) Character-ization of human ovarian surface epithelial cells immortalized by human papilloma viral oncogenes (HPV-E6E7 ORFs). Exp. Cell Res. 218, 499–507.
Paul, K. (1970) Cell and Tissue Culture. 4th ed. (Paul, ed.), Livingstone.
Taub, M. (1985) Tissue Culture of Epithelial Cells. 1st ed. (Taub, ed.).
Langdon, S. P., Lawrie, S. S., Hay, F. G., Hawkes, M. M., McDonald, A., Hayward, I. P., et al. (1988) Characterization and properties of nine human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res. 48, 6166–6172.
Wolf, C. R., Hayward, I. P., Lawrie, S. S., Buckton, K., McIntyre, M. A., Adams, D. J., et al. (1987) Cellular heterogeneity and drug resistance in two ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from a single patient. Int. J. Cancer 39, 695–702.
Kido, M. and Shibuya, M. (1998) Isolation and characterization of mouse ovarian surface epithelial cell lines. Pathol. Res. Pract. 194, 725–730.
Trinks, U., Buchdunger, E., Furet, P., Kump, W., Mett, H., Meyer, T., et al. (1994) Dianilinophthalimides: Potent and selective, ATP competitive inhibitors of the EGF receptor pro-tein tyrosine kinase. J. Med. Chem. 37, 1015–1027.
Morasca, L., Erba, E., Vaghi, M., et al. (1983) Clinical correlates of in vitro drug sensitivites of ovarian cancer cells. Br. J. Cancer 48, 61–68.
Trope, C. and Sigurdsson, K. (1982) Use of tissue culture in predictive testing of drug sensitivity in human ovarian cancer. Correlation between in vitro results and the response in vivo. Neoplasma 29, 309–314.
Buckshee, D., Roy, P. K., and Chapekar, T. N. (1984) Use of in vitro method to predict response of human ovarian carcinoma cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Int. J. Gyn. Obst. 22, 371–374.
Langdon, S. P., Gescher, A., Hickman, J. A., and Stevens, M. F. G. (1984) The chemosensitivity of a new experimental model-the M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 20, 699–705.
Ozols, R. F., Locker, G. Y., Doroshow, J. H., Grotzinger, K. R., Myers, C. E., Fisher, R. I., and Young, R. C. (1979) Chemotherapy for murine ovarian cancer: a rationale for i.p. therapy with adriamycin. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63, 269–273.
Rose, G. S., Tocco, L. M., Granger, G. A., DiSaia, P. J., Hamilton, T. C., Santin, A. D., and Hiserodt, J. C. (1996) Development and characterization of a clinically useful animal model of epithelial ovarian cancer in the Fischer 344 rat. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 175, 593–599.
Davy, M., Mossige, J., and Johannessen, J. V. (1977) Heterologous growth of human ovarian cancer. Acta. Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 56, 55–59.
Boven, E., Van der Vijgh, W. J. F., Nauta, M. M., Schluper, H. M. M., and Pinedo, H. M. (1985) Comparative activity and distribution studies of five platinum analogues in nude mice bearing human ovarian carcinoma xenografts. Cancer Res. 45, 86–90.
Friendlander, N. L., Russell, P., Taylor, I. W., and Tattersall, M. H. N. (1985) Ovarian tumor xenografts in the study of the biology of human epithelial cancer. Br. J. Cancer 51, 391–333.
Jones, A. C., Wilson, P. A., and Steel, G. G. (1984) Cell survival in four ovarian carcinoma xenografts following in vitro exposure to melphalan, cisplatin, and cis-diamline-1,1-cyclobutane dicarbosylate platinum II. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 13, 109–113.
Cobb, L. M., Boesen, E. A. M., and Neville, A. (1981) Clear cell carcinoma of the human ovary transplanted to the peritoneal cavity of the hamster. Transplantation (Baltimore) 16, 76–78.
Baumal, R., Law, J., Buick, R. N., Kahn, H., Yeger, H., and Sheldon, K. (1986) Monoclonal antibodies to an epithelial ovarian adenocarcinom: distincitve reactivity with xenografts of the original tumor and a culture cell line. Cancer Res. 46, 3994–4000
Wahl, R. and Piko, C. (1985) Intraperitoneal delivery of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to IP induced xenografts of ovarian cancer. Proc. Am. Assoc. 26, 29.
Ward, B. G., Wallace, K., Shepherd, J. H., and Balkwill, F. R. (1987) Intraperitoneal xenografts of human epithelial ovarian cancer in nude mice. Cancer Res. 47, 2662–2667.
Malik, S. T. A., East, N., Boraschi, D., and Balkwill, R. R. (1992) Effects of intraperitoneal recom-binant interleukin-1B in intraperitoneal human ovarian cancer xenograft models: comparison with the effects of tumor necrosis factor. Br. J. Cancer 65, 661–666.
Malik, S. T., Knowles, R. G., East, N., Lando, D., Stamp, G., and Balkwill, F. R. (1991) Antitumor activity of gamma-interferon in ascitic and solid tumor models of human ovarian cancer. Cancer Res. 51, 6643–6649.
Tong, X. W., Block, A., Chen, S. H., Contant, C. F., Agoulnick, I., Blankenburg, K., et al. (1996) In vivo gene therapy of ovarian cancer by adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase gene transduction and ganciclovir administration. Gynecol. Oncol. 61, 175–179.
von Gruenigen, V. E., Santoso, J. T., Coleman, R. L., Muller, C. Y., Miller, D. S., and Mathis, J. M. (1998) In vivo studies of adenovirus-based p53 gene therapy for ovarian cancer. Gynecol. Oncol. 69, 197–204.
Mujoo, K., Maneval, D. C., Anderson, S. C., and Gutterman, J. U. (1996) Adenoviral-mediated p53 tumor suppressor gene therapy of human ovarian carcinoma. Oncogene 12, 1617–1623.
Fu, X. and Hoffman, R. M. (1993) Human ovarian carcinoma metastatic models constructed in nude mice by orthotopic transplantation of histologically-intact patient pecimens. Anticancer Res. 13, 283–286.
Turner, J. H., Rose, A. H., Glancy, R. J., and Penhale, W. J. (1998) Orthotopic xenografts of human melanoma and colonic and ovarian carcinoma in sheep to evaluate radioimmunotherapy. Br. J. Cancer 78, 486–494.
Mullen, P., Ritchie, A., Langdon, S. P., and Miller, W. R. (1996) Effect of matrigel on the tumorige-nicity of human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. Int. J. Cancer 67, 816–820.
Simpson, B. J. B., Langdon, S. P., Rabiaz., G. J., et al. (1998) J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 64, 137–145.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Humana Press Inc.
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Langdon, S.P., Edwards, J., Bartlett, J.M.S. (2000). Ovarian Cancer Models. In: Bartlett, J.M.S. (eds) Ovarian Cancer. Methods in Molecular Medicine™, vol 39. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-071-3:145
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-071-3:145
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-583-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-071-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols