Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily includes three major subfamilies: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erks), c-Jun-N-terminal kinases (JNKs)/stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs), and p38 kinases (1–3). Activation of MAPK requires the phosphorylation of both tyrosine (Y) and threonine (T) residues in a conserved motif: TEY for Erks, TPY for SAPKs, and TGY for p38 (1–3). These MAPKs, in turn, activate downstream substrates by phosphorylating a minimum consensus target sequence of Ser/Thr-Pro (1,2).
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Yue, J., Mulder, K.M. (2000). Activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway by TGFβ. In: Howe, P.H. (eds) Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 142. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-053-5:125
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-053-5:125
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