Abstract
Immunosensors based on grating couplers belong to the group of direct optical affinity sensors (1). They allow label-free monitoring not only of lmmunoaffinity reactions, i.e., of antigen (hapten)-antibody-binding (2–8), but also of receptor—ligand-(9), protein—lipid (10, 11), and protein—DNA (12, 13) interactions, and DNA hybridization (13). In each case one of the binding partners is immobilized on the surface of the optical waveguide and binding of the other partner, present in solution, is monitored. Thus, grating coupler systems allow real-time monitoring of the binding reaction and consequently evaluation of kinetic (14–16) and thermodynamic data (4, 12). These are common features with other direct affinity sensor systems, such as surface plasmon resonance sensors (15), resonant mirrors (17), and piezoacoustic transducers (18), which all can be summarized as devices for biomolecular interaction analysis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Tiefenthaler, K. (1992) Integrated optical couplers as chemical waveguide sensors. Adv Biosens 2, 261–289.
Lukosz, W., Clerc, D., Nellen, P M., Stamm, C, and Weiss, P. (1991) Output grating couplers on planar optical waveguides as direct immunosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 6, 227–232.
Nellen, P M. and Lukosz, W. (1991) Model experiments with integrated optical input grating couplers as direct immunosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 6, 517–525
Polzius, R., Bier, F F., Bilitewski, U., Jager, V., and Schmid, R. D. (1993) On-line monitoring of monoclonal antibodies in animal cell culture using a grating coupler. Biotechnol Bioeng. 42, 1287–1292.
Clerc, D. and Lukosz, W. (1994) Integrated optical output grating coupler as biochemical sensor. Sensors Actuators B18–19, 581–586.
Bier, F. F. and Schmid, R. D. (1994) Real time analysis of competitive binding using grating coupler immunosensors for pesticide detection. Biosens. Bioelectron. 9, 125–130.
Bernard, A. and Bosshard, H. R. (1995) Real-time monitoring of antigen-antibody recognition on a metal oxide surface by an optical grating coupler sensor. Eur. J. Biochem. 230, 416–423.
Gao, H., Sanger, M., Luginbühl, R., and Sigrist, H. (1995) Immunosensing with photo-immobilized immunoreagents on planar optical wave guides. Biosens, Bioelectron. 10, 317–328.
Jockers, R., Bier, F. F., and Schmid, R. D. (1993) Specific binding of photosynthetic reaction centres to herbicide-modified grating couplers. Anal. Chim. Acta 280, 53–59
Ramsden, J. J., Bachmanova, G. L, and Archakov, A. I. (1996) Immobilization of proteins to lipid bilayers. Biosens. Bioelectron 11, 523–528
Heyse, S., Vogel, H., Sanger M., and Sigrist, H. (1995) Covalent attachment of functionalized lipid bilayers to planar waveguides for measuring protein binding to biomimetic membranes. Prot. Sci. 4, 2532–2544.
Ramsden, J. J. and Dreier, J. (1996) Kinetics of the interaction between DNA and the type IC restriction enzyme Eco R124II. Biochemistry 35, 3746–3753.
Bier, F. F. and Scheller, F. W. (1996) Label-free observation of DNA-hybndisation and endonuclease activity on a waveguide surface using a grating coupler. Biosens. Bioelectron. 11, 669–674.
Ramsden, J. J. (1993) Experimental methods for investigating protein adsorption kinetics at surfaces, Q Rev Biophys 27, 41–105.
Lukosz, W. (1991) Principles and sensitivities of integrated optical and surface plasmon sensors for direct affinity sensing and immunosensing Biosens Bioelectron. 6, 215–225
Polzius, R., Schneider, T., Bier, F. F., Bilitewski, U., and Koschinski, W (1996) Optimization of biosensing using grating couplers: immobilization on tantalum oxide waveguides. Biosens. Bioelectron 11, 503–514.
Cush, R, Cronin, J. M., Stewart, J., Maule, C. H., Molloy, J., and Goddard, N. J. (1993) The resonant mirror a novel optical biosensor for direct sensing of biomolecular interactions part I: principles of operation and associated instrumentation. Biosens. Bioelectron. 8, 347–353.
Ngeh-Ngwainbi, J., Suleiman, A., and Guilbault, G. G. (1990) Piezoelectric crystal biosensors. Biosens. Bioelectron. 5, 13–26
Tiefenthaler, K. and Lukosz, W. (1989) Sensitivity of grating couplers as integrated-optical chemical sensors, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B6, 209–220.
Tiefenthaler, K., Briguet, V., Buser, E., Horisberger, M., and Lukosz, W. (1983) Preparation of planar SiO2-TiO2 and LiNbO3 waveguides with dip coating method and an embossing technique for fabrication of grating couplers and channel waveguides. SPIE 401, 165–173.
Kunz, R. E., Du, C. L., Edlinger, J., Pulker, H K., and Seifert, M (1991) Integrated optical sensors based on reactive low-voltage ion-plated films. Sensors Actuators A 25–27, 155–159.
Lukosz, W and Tiefenthaler, K. (1983) Directional switching in planar waveguides effected by adsorption-desorption processes. 2nd ECIO, Florence, IEE Conf Pub. No 227, London, 152.
Nellen, P. M., Tiefenthaler, K., and Lukosz, W. (1990) Integrated optical input grating couplers as chemo-and immunosensors. Sensors Actuators Bl, 592–596
Lukosz, W., Nellen, P., Stamm, C, and Weiss, P (1990) Output grating couplers on planar waveguides as integrated optical chemical sensors. Sensors Actuators Bl, 585–588.
Brandenburg, A., Polzius, R., Bier, F., Bilitewski, U., and Wagner, E. (1996) Direct observation of affinity reactions by reflected mode operation of integrated optical grating coupler. Sensors Actuators B30, 55–59.
Lukosz, W. and Tiefenthaler, K. (1988) Sensitivity of integrated optical grating and prism couplers as (bio)chemical sensors. Sensors Actuators 15, 273–284.
Lofas, S and Johnsson, B. (1990) A novel hydrogel matrix on gold surfaces in surface plasmon resonance sensors for fast and efficient covalent immobilization ofhgands. J Chem Soc. Chem. Commun 21, 1526–1528.
Glaser, R. W. (1993) Antigen-antibody binding and mass transport by convection and diffusion to a surface: a two-dimensional computer model of binding and dissociation kinetics Anal Biochem. 213, 152–161.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Bilitewski, U., Bier, F., Brandenburg, A. (1998). Immunobiosensors based on grating couplers. In: Rogers, K.R., Mulchandani, A. (eds) Affinity Biosensors. Methods in Biotechnology, vol 7. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-539-5:121
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-539-5:121
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-539-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-485-6
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols