Abstract
Partial proteolysis of an undenatured protein is a wtdely used, powerful technique to probe protein conformation in the native state. The basts for thts technique is that the more exposed an amino-acid residue is to the solvent, the easier it 1s for a protease to cleave a peptide bond at that site (1, 2). Therefore, regions of a protein with an extended conformation, such as those found in large multidomain proteins, are better substrates for proteolysis than are more tightly folded motifs. Using thus technique, it is possible to define protein domains, because the flexible regions between them are more susceptible to proteolysis. It is possible to further define these domains by obtaining N-terminal amino acid sequence of the resulting fragments. Likewise, by monitoring altered susceptibility to proteolysis, changes in protein conformation may be detected. If partial sequence of the resulting proteolytic fragments is obtained, the regions of the protein involved in these conformational changes can be mapped.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Price, N C., and Johnson, C M. (1989) Proteinases as probes of conformation of soluble proteins, in Proteolytic Enzymes A Practical Approach (Beynon, R J and Bond, J. S., eds), Oxford, pp 163–179
Mihalyi, E. (1978) Proteolytic enzymes, enzymatic proteolysis—general considerations, in Application of Proteolytic Enzymes to Protein Structure Studies, 2nd ed., 1, 43–149
Sundelin, J, Das, S. R., Eriksson, U., Rask, L, and Peterson, P A (1985) The primary structure of bovine cellular retinoic acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem 260, 6494–6499
Matarese, V, Stone, R. L, Waggoner, D. W., and Bernlohr, D. A (1990) Intracellular fatty acid trafficking and the role of cytosoloc lipid-binding proteins. Prog Lipid Res 28, 245–272
Ong, D. E, Newcomer, M. E, and Chytil, F (1994) Cellular retinoid-binding proteins, in The Retinoids: Biology, Chemistry and Medicine, 2nd ed. (Spore, M B., Roberts, A. B, and Goodman, DS, eds.), Raven, New York, pp. 283–316
Xu, Z, Bernlohr, D A, and Banaszak, L. J (1993) The adipocyte lipid-binding protein at 1.6-Å resolution J. Biol. Chem 268, 7874–7884.
Cowan, S. W., Newcomer, M. E, and Jones, T A (1993) Crystallographic studies on a family of cellular lipophilic transport proteins J Mol. Bio. 230, 1225–1246.
Winter, N, Bratt, J, and Banaszak, L J (1993) Crystal structures of holo and apo-cellular retinol-binding protein (II) J Mel Biol 230, 1247–1259
Herr, F. M and Ong, D E (1992) Differential interaction of lecithin-retinol acyl transferase with cellular retinol-binding proteins Biochemistry 31, 6748–6755
El Akawi, Z and Napoli, J. L. (1994) Rat liver cytosohc retinal dehydrogenase comparison of 13-cis-, 9-cis, and all-trans-retinal as substrates and effecis of cellular retinoid-binding proteins and retinoic acid on activity Biochemistry 33, 1938–1943
Jamison, R. S, Newcomer, M. E, and Ong, D. E. (1994) Cellular retinoid-binding proteins: limited proteolysis reveals a conformational change upon ligand binding. Biochemistry 33, 2873–2879.
Li, E, Demmer, L. A., Sweetser, D A., Ong, D E., and Gordon, J. I. (1986) Rat cellular retinol-binding protein (II)* use of a cloned cDNA to define its primary structure, tissue-specific expression, and developmental regulation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 83, 5779–5783.
Sherman, D. R, Lloyd, S R., and Chytil, F. (1987) Rat cellular retinol-binding protein. cDNA sequence and rapid retinol-dependent accumulation of mRNA Proc Nat Acad. Sci. USA 84, 3209–3213
Shubetta, H E, Sambrook, J F and McCormick, A M (1987) Molecular cloning and analysis of functional cDNA and genomic clones encoding bovine cellular retinoic acid-binding protein. Proc Nat. Acad Sci USA 84, 5645–5649
Giguere, V, Lyn, S, Yip, P., Siu, C H., and Amin, S. (1990) Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a second cellular retinoic acid-binding protein Proc Natl Acad. Sci USA 87, 6233–6237
Tabor, S and Richardson, C C (1985) A bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system for controlled exclusive expression of specific genes Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 82, 1074–1078
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Humana Press Inc, Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Jamison, R.S., Newcomer, M.E., Ong, D.E. (1998). Detection of Conformational Changes in Cellular Retinoid-Binding Proteins by Limited Proteolysis. In: Redfern, C.P.F. (eds) Retinoid Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 89. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-438-0:165
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-438-0:165
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-438-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-573-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols