Abstract
Cell-cell electrofusion (CCE) is a process that involves forcing cells into close juxtaposition and then inducing fusion by delivering electric pulses to the cells. CCE has proven to have many practical applications. It has been used for monoclonal antibody (Mab) production (4,5), hybridoma production (1–3), and membrane surface marker transfer (6). Many other applications are described in this volume. In addition, the study of membrane fusion mechanisms has been the focus of some researchers (7–12). Electrofusion techniques seldom result in 100% yields between fusion partners. Therefore, a major aspect of all CCE applications is the ability to detect and quantitate fusion products.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lo, M. M. S., Tsong, T. Y., Conrad, M. K., Strittmatter, S. M., Hester, L. D, and Snyder, S. (1984) Monoclonal antibody production by receptor-mediated electrically induced cell fusion Nature 310, 792–794.
Foung, S. K. H. and Perkins, S. (1989) Electric field-induced cell fusion and human monoclonal antibodies. J. Immunol. Methods 116, 117–122.
Glassy, M. (1988) Creating hybridomas by electrofusion. Nature 333, 579–580.
Hewish, D. R. and Werkmeister, J. A. (1989) The use of an electroporation apparatus for the production of murine hybridomas. J. Immunol Methods 120, 285–289.
Wojchowski, D. M. and Sytkowski, A. J. (1986) Hybridoma production by simplified avidin-mediated electrofusion. J. Immunol Methods 90, 173–177
Grasso, R. J., Heller, R., Cooley, J. C., and Haller, E. M (1989) Electrofusion of individual animal cells directly to intact corneal epithelial tissue Biochim. Biophys Acta 980, 9–14.
Abidor, I. G. and Sowers, A. E. (1992) Kinetics and mechanism of cell membrane electrofusion. Biophys. J. 61, 1557–1569
Zimmerman, U., Pilwat, B., and Riemann, F. (1974) Dielectric breakdown of cell membranes. Biophys. J 14, 881–899.
Dimitrov, D. S., Apostolova, M A., and Sowers, A. E. (1990) Attraction, deformation, and contact of membranes induced by low frequency electric fields. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1023, 389–397.
Sowers, A. E. (1989) The mechanism of electroporation and electrofusion in erythrocyte membranes, in Electroporation and Electrofusion in Cell Biology (Neumann, E., Sowers, A. E., and Jordan, C. A., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp 229–256.
Rols, M. P. and Teissie, J (1989) Ionic-strength modulation of electrically induced permeabilization and associated fusion of mamalian cells Eur J Biochem 179, 109–115.
Teissie, J. and Blangero, C. (1984) Direct experimental evidence of the vectorial character of the interaction between electric pulses and cells in cell electrofusion Biochim Biophys. Acta 775, 446–448.
Teissie, J. and Rols, M. P. (1986) Fusion of mammalian cells in culture is obtained by creating the contact between cells after their electropermeabilization. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 140, 258–266.
Sukharev, S I, Bandrina, I. N, Barbul, A. I., Fedorova, L I, Abidor, I. G, and Zelenin, A. V. (1990) Electrofusion of fibroblasts on the porous membrane Biochim Biophys Acta 1034, 125–131
Sowers, A. E. (1988) Fusion events and nonfusion contents mixing events induced in erythrocyte ghosts by an electric pulse. Biophys J 54, 619–626
Sowers, A. E. (1986) A long-lived fusogenic state is induced in erythrocyte ghosts by electric pulses. J Cell Biol 102, 1358–1362.
Bakker Schut, T. C, Kraan, Y. M., Barlag, W., de Ley, L., de Grooth, B. G., and Greve, J. (1993) Selective electrofusion of conjugated cells in flow Biophys J 65, 568–572
Shi, T, Eaton, A M, and Ring, D. B. (1991) Selection of hybrid hybridomas by flow cytometry using a new combination of fluorescent vital stains. J Immunol Methods 141, 165–175
Jaroszeski, M. J., Gilbert, R., and Heller, R. (1994) Detection and quantitation of cell-cell electrofusion products by flow cytometry Anal Biochem 216, 271–275
Heller, R. (1992) Spectrofluorometric assay for the quantitation of cell-tissue electrofusion. Anal Biochem 202, 286–292
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Jaroszeski, M.J., Gilbert, R., Heller, R. (1998). Flow Cytometric Detection and Quantitation of Cell-Cell Electrofusion Products. In: Jaroszeski, M.J., Heller, R. (eds) Flow Cytometry Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 91. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-354-6:149
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-354-6:149
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-354-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-214-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols