Abstract
The techniques of electroporation and electrofusion require that cells be subjected to brief pulses of electric fields of the appropriate amplitude, duration, and wave form. In this chapter, the term electro cell manipulation (ECM) shall describe both techniques. ECM is a quite universal technique that can be applied to eggs, sperm, platelets, mammalian cells, plant protoplasts, plant pollen, liposomes, bacteria, fungi, and yeast—generally to any vesicle surrounded by a membrane. The term “cells” will be used representatively for any of the vesicles to be manipulated unless specific requirements dictate otherwise.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Tsong, T. Y. and Tomita, M. (1993) Selective B lymphocyte-myeloma cell fusion. Methods in Enzymol. 220, 238–246.
Pohl, H. A. (1978) Dielectrophoresis. Cambridge University Press, London.
Meilhoc, E., Masson, J.-M., and Teissie, J. (1990) High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells by electric field pulses. Biotechnology 8(3), 223–227.
Takahashi, M., Furukawa, T., Saito, H., Aoki, A., Koike, T., Morryama, Y., Shibata, A. (1991) Gene transfer into human leukemia cell lines by electroporation: experiments with exponentially decaying and square wave pulse. Leukemia Res. 15(6), 507–513.
Saunders, J., Rhodes, S. C., and Kaper, J. (1989) Effects of electroporation profiles on the incorporation of viral RNA into tobacco protoplasts. Biotechniques 7(10), 1124–1131.
Xie, T. and Tsong, T. (1992) Study of mechanisms of electric field-induced DNA transfection III, Electric parameters and other conditions for effective transfection. Biophys. J. 63, 28–34.
Hofmann, G. H. (1989) Cells in electric fields-physical and practical electronic aspects of electro cell fusion and electroporation, in Electroporation and Electrofusion in Cell Biology. (Neumann, E., Sowers, A., and Jordan, C., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 389–407.
Nagata, K. and Imai, H. (1992) The difference of electro fusion rate for the pro-nuclear transplantation of mouse eggs between three different electro generators. The 7th Eastern Japan Animal Nuclear Transplantation Research Conference.
Chang, D. C. (1989) Cell fusion and cell poration by pulsed radio-frequency electric fields, in Electroporation and Electrofusion in Cell Biology. (Neumann, E., Sowers, A., and Jordan, C., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 215–227.
Tekle, E., Astumian, R. D., and Chock, P. B. (1991) Electroporation by using bipolar oscillating electric field: an improved method for DNA transfection of NIH 3T3 cells. PNAS 88, 4230–4234.
Motumura, T., Akihama, T., Hidaka, T., and Omura, M. (1993) Conditions of protoplast isolation and electrical fusion among citrus and its wild relatives, in Techniques on Gene Diagnosis and Breeding in Fruit Trees. (Hayashi, T., et al., eds.), FTRS, Japan, pp. 153–164.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Hofmann, G.A. (1995). Instrumentation. In: Nickoloff, J.A. (eds) Plant Cell Electroporation and Electrofusion Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 55. Springer, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-328-7:41
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-328-7:41
Publisher Name: Springer, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-328-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-542-6
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols