Abstract
The possibility of sequencing peptides or proteins from their N-terminal ends became a reality with the discovery and the application of the Edman stepwise degradation (1,2; also see Chapter 36). The procedure developed was automated in 1967 (2), and it is now possible to obtain unequivocal sequence information for up to 35–70 residues for a wide variety of peptides and proteins before the buildup of background material makes assignments difficult, if not impossible. In practice, the complete sequence often has to be derived by establishing the sequences of smaller fragments (i.e., peptides) obtained from the peptide by the action of either enzymes or chemical reagents (3).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Edman, P. (1950) Preparation of phenylthiohydantoins from some natural amino acids. Acta Chem. Scand. 4, 277–282.
Edman, P. and Begg, G. (1967) A protein sequenator. Eur. J. Biochem. 1, 80–81.
Aitken, A., Geisow, M. J., Findlay, J. B. C, Holmes, C, and Yarwood, A. (1989) Peptide preparation and characterisation, in Protein Sequencing: A Practical Approach (Findlay, J. B. C. and Geisow, M. J., eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, pp. 43–68.
Chauhan, J. and Darbre, A. (1981) Determination of acetyl and formyl groups by gas-liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. 211, 347–359.
Schlack, P. and Kumpf, W. (1926) On a new method for determination of the constitution of peptides. Hoppe-Seyler’s Z. Physiol. Chem. 164, 125–170.
Ward, C. W. (1986) Carboxyl terminal sequence analysis, in Practical Protein Chemistry: A Handbook (Darbre, A., ed.), Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 492–525.
Inglis, A. S. (1991) Chemical procedures for C-terminal sequencing of peptides and proteins. Anal. Biochem. 196, 183–196.
Stark, G. R. (1968) Sequential degradation of peptides from their carboxyl termini with ammonium thiocyanate and acetic anhydride. Biochemistry 7, 1796–1807.
Rangarajan, M. and Darbre, A. (1976) Studies on sequencing of peptides from the carboxyl terminus by using the thiocyanate method. Biochem. J. 167, 307–316.
Williams, M. J. and Kassell, B. (1975) A solid phase method for sequencing from the carboxyl terminus. FEBS Lett. 54, 363–357.
Schlesinger, D. H., Weiss, J., and Audhya, T. K. (1979) Isocratic resolution of amino acid thiohydantoins by high performance liquid chromatography. Anal. Biochem. 96, 494–496.
Meuth, J. L., Harris, D. E., Dwulet, F. E., Crowl-Powers, M. L., and Gurd, F. R. N. (1982) Stepwise sequence determination from the carboxyl terminus of peptides. Biochemistry 21, 3750–3757.
Inglis, A. S., Wilshire, J. F. K., Casaranda, F., and Laslett, R. L. (1989) C-terminal sequencing: A new look at the Schlack-Kumpf thiocyanate degradation procedure, in Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis (Wittmann-Liebold, B., ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 137–144.
Yamashita, S. (1971) Sequential Degradation of polypeptides from the car-boxylends. I. specific cleavage of the carboxyl-end peptide bonds. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 229, 301–309.
Miller, C. G. and Shively, J. E. (1989) Carboxyl-terminal sequence analysis of proteins and peptides by chemical methods, in Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis (Wittman-Liebold, B., ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 145–151.
Hawke, D., Lahm, H. W., Shively, J. E., and Todd, C. W. (1987) Microsequence analysis of peptides and proteins: Trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate as a reagent for COOH-terminal sequence analysis. Anal. Biochem. 166, 298–307.
Bailey, J. M. and Shively, J. E. (1990) Carboxy-terminal sequencing: formation and hydrolysis of C-terminal peptidythiohydantoins. Biochemistry 29, 3145–3156.
Boyd, V. L., Bossini, M., Zon, G., Noble, R. L., and Mattaliano, R. L. (1992) Sequencing of peptides and proteins from the carboxy terminus. Anal. Biochem. 206, 344–352.
Casagranda, F. (1989) M. App. Sc. Thesis, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Inglis, AS., Casagranda, F., and Wittmann-Liebold, B. (1990) Progress in the development of a C-terminal sequencing method for proteins and peptides, in Methods in Protein and Nucleic Acid Research (Tschesche, H., ed.), de Gruyter, Berlin/New York, pp. 187–211.
Bailey, J. M., Shenoy, N. R., Ronk, M., and Shively, J. E. (1992) Automated carboxy-terminal sequence analysis of peptides. Prot. Sci. 1, 68–80.
Shenoy, N. R., Bailey, J. M., and Shively, J. E. (1992) Carboxylic acid-modified polyethylene: A novel support for the covalent immobilization of polypeptides for C-terminal sequencing. Prot. Sci. 1, 58–67.
Dwulet, F. E. and Gurd, F. R. N. (1979) Use of thiocyanic acid to form 2-thio-hydantoins at the C-terminus of proteins. Int. J. Pept. Prot. Res. 13, 122–129.
Biemann, K. and Scobie, H. A. (1987) Characterisation by tandem mass spec-trometry of structural modifications in proteins. Science 237, 992–998.
Johnson, R. S. and Biemann, K. (1987) The primary structure of thioredoxin from chromatium vinosum determined by high-performance tandem mass spectrometry. Biochemistry 26, 1209–1214.
Biemann, K. (1989) Sequencing by mass spectrometry, in Protein Sequencing: A Practical Approach (Findlay, J. B. B. and Geisow, M. J. eds.), IRL Press, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, pp. 99–118.
Tsugita, A., Takamoto, K., Kamo, M., and Iwadate, H. (1992) C-terminal sequencing of proteins. A novel partial hydrolysis and analysis by mass spectrometry. Eur. J. Biochem. 206, 691–696.
Klemm, P. (1984) Carboxy-terminal sequence determination of proteins and peptides with carboxypeptidase Y, in Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1 (Walker J. M., ed.), Humana Press, Clifton, NJ, pp. 255–259.
Hayashi, R. (1988) Enzymatic methods of protein/peptide sequencing from carboxyterminal end, in Protein/Peptide Sequencing Analysis: Current Methodologies (Bhown, A. S., ed.), CRC Press, Baton Rouge, FL, pp. 145–159.
Inglis, A. S., Duncan, M. W., Adams, P., and Tseng, A. (1992) Formation of proline thiohydantoin with ammonium thiocyanate: Progress towards a viable C-terminal amino-acid-sequencing procedure. Anal. Biochem. 25, 163–171.
Cromwell, L. D. and Stark, G. R. (1969) Determination of the carboxyl termini of proteins with ammonium thiocyanate and acetic anhydride, with direct identification of the thiohydantoins. Biochemistry 8, 4735–4740.
Kubo, H., NakaJima, T., and Tamura, Z. (1971) Formation of thiohydantoin derivative of proline from C-terminal of peptides. Chem Pharm. Bull. 19, 210–211.
Boyd, V. L., Hawke, D. H., and Geiser, T. G. (1990) Synthesis of the 2-thiohydantoins of amino acids using Woodward’s reagent. Tetrahedron Lett. 31, 3849–3852.
Elmore, D. T., Ogle, J. R., and Toseland, P. A. (1956) Degradative studies on peptides and proteins. Part III. Synthesis of some 2-thiohydantoins as reference compounds. J. Chem. Soc. 192–196.
Casagranda, F., Duggan, B. M., Kirkpatrick, A., Laslett, R. L., and Wilshire, J. F. K., Paper in preparation.
Swan, J. M (1952) Thiohydantoins derived from aspartic and glutamic acids. Aust. J. Sci. Res. (Series A) 5, 721–725.
Johnson, T. B. and Guest, H. H. (1912) The action of potassium thiocyanate on asparagine. Amer. Chem. J. 48, 102–111.
Johnson, T. B. and Guest, H. H. (1912) The action of potassium thiocyanate on pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid. 2-thiohydantoin-4-propionic acid. Am. Chem. J. 47, 242–251.
Mackay, M. F., Duggan, B. M., Laslett, R. L., and Wilshire, J. F. K. (1991) Structure of a substituted thiohydantoin. Ada Cryst. (C) 48, 334–336.
Wittmann-Liebold, B., Matschull, L., Pilling, U., Bradaczek, H. A., and Graffunder, H. (1991) Modular Berlin microsequencer for the sequential degradation of proteins and peptides from the amino-and carboxyl-terminal end, in Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis (Jornvall, H., Hoog, I. O., and Gustavsson, A. M., eds.), Birkhauer Verlag, Basel, Switzerland, pp. 9–21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Casagranda, F., Wilshire, J.F.K. (1994). C-Terminal Sequencing of Peptides. In: Walker, J.M. (eds) Basic Protein and Peptide Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 32. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-268-X:335
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-268-X:335
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-268-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-519-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols