Skip to main content

Development of an Animal Model of Ethanol Abuse

Genetic Approach

  • Protocol
Book cover Animal Models of Drug Addiction

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 24))

Abstract

Ethanol abuse is usually understood to include heavy ethanol use as well as the development of medical, legal, social, and/ or family problems from drinking. The various problems associated with the excessive use of alcoholic beverages have made ethanol abuse and alcoholism a dominant medical issue in modern society, causing huge costs in health and social care.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Arvola A., Sammalisto L., and Wallgren H. (1958) A test for level of alcohol intoxication in the rat. Q. J. Stud. Alcohol 19, 563–572.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belknap J. K. (1980) Genetic factors in the effects of alcohol: neurosensitivity, functional tolerance and physical dependence. in Alcohol Tolerunce and Dependence (Rigter H. and Crabbe J. C., eds.) Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 157–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohman M., Sigvardsson S., and Cloninger C. R. (1981) Maternal inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross fostering analysis of adopted women. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 38, 965–969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bohman M., Cloninger R., Sigvardsson S., and von Knorring A-L. (1987) The genetics of alcoholism and related disorders. J. Psychiatr. Res. 21, 447–452.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brewster D. J. (1968) Genetic analysis of ethanol preference in rats selected for emotional reactivity. J. Hered. 59, 283–286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cicero T. J. (1980) Animal models of alcoholism? in Animal Models in Alcohol Research (Eriksson K., Sinclair J. D., and Kiianrnaa K., eds.) Academic Press, London, pp. 99–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cicero T. J. and Myers R. D. (1968) Selection of a sinle ethanol test solution in free-choice studies with animals. Q. J. Stud. AZcohol 29, 446–448.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger C. R. (1987) Neurogenetic adaptive mechanisms in alcoholism. Science 236, 410–416.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger C. R. (1989) Clinical heterogeneity in families of alcoholics, in Genetic Aspects of Alcoholism (Kiianmaa K., Tabakoff B., and Saito T., eds.) The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 37, Helsinki, pp. 55–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger C. R., Bohman M., and Sigvardsson S. (1981) Inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross fostering analysis of adopted men. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 38, 861–868.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cotton N. S. (1979) The familial incidence of alcoholism. J. Stud. Alcohol 40, 89–116.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C. (1989) Genetic animal models in the study of alcoholism. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 13, 120–127.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C. and Weigel R. M. (1987) Quantification of individual sensitivities to ethanol in selective breeding experiments: Difference scores versus regression residuals. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 11, 544–549.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C., McSwigan J. D., and Belknap J. K. (1985) The role of genetics in substance abuse, in Determinants of Substance Abuse (Calizio M. and Maisto S. A., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 13–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C., Kosobud A., Young E. R., Tam B. R., and McSwigan J. D. (1985) Bidirectional selection for susceptibility to ethanol withdrawal seizures in Mus musculus. Behav. Genet. 15, 521–536.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C., Kosobud A., Tam B. R., Young E. R., and Deutsch C. M. (1987a) Genetic selection of mouse lines sensitive (COLD) and resistant (HOT) to acute ethanol hypothermia. Alcohol Drug Res. 7, 163–174.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C., Young E. R., Deutsch C. M., Tam B. R., and Kosobud A. (1987b) Mice genetically selected for differences in open-field activity after ethanol. Phartnacol. Biochem. Behav. 27, 577–581.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe G, Feller D. J., and Phillips T. J. (1990a) Selective breeding for two measures of sensitivity to ethanol, in Initial Sensitivity to Alcohol (Deitrich R. A. and Pawlowski A. A., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 20, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, Md, pp. 123–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crabbe J. C., Phillips T. J., Kosobud A., and Belknap J. K. (1990b) Estimation of genetic correlation of experiments using selectively bred and inbred animals. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 14, 141–151.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeFries J. C. (1981) Current perspectives on selective breeding: example and theory, in Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A. and Erwin E., eds.), NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 11–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeFries J. C., Wilson R., Erwin V. G., and Petersen D. R. (1989) LS X SS recombinant inbred strains of mice: Initial characterization. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 13, 196–200.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deitrich R. A. (1990) Selective breeding of mice and rats for initial sensitivity to ethanol: contributions to understanding of ethanol’s actions, in Initial Sensitivity to Alcohol (Deitrich R. A. and Pawlowski A. A., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 20, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 7–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deitrich R. A. and Pawlowski A. A., eds. (1990) Initial Sensitivity to AZcohol, NIAAA Research Monograph 20, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deitrich R. A. and Spuhler K. (1985) Genetics of alcoholism and alcohol actions, in Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems, vol. 8 (Smart K. and Sellers E. M., eds.) Plenum, New York, pp. 47–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drewek K. J. (1980) Inherited drinking and its behavioral correlates, in Animal Models in Alcohol Research (Eriksson K., Sinclair J. D., and Kiianmaa K., eds.), Academic Press, London, pp. 35–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson C. J. P. (1981) Finnish selection studies on alcohol-related behaviors: Factors regulating voluntary alcohol consumption, in Development of Animal Models us Phurmacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 119–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson C. J. P. (1990) Finnish selective breeding studies for initial sensitivity to ethanol: Update 1988 on the AT and ANT rat lines, in Initial Sensitivity to Alcohol (Deitrich R. A. and Pawlowskl A. A., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 20, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 61–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K. (1968) Genetic selection for voluntary alcohol consumption in the albino rat. Science 159, 739–741.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K. (1969) Factors affecting voluntary alcohol consumption in the albino rat. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 6, 227–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K. (1971) Rat strains specifically selected for their voluntary alcohol consumption. Ann. Med. Exp. Biol. Fenn. 49, 67–72.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K., Sinclair J. D., and Kiianmaa K. (1980) Animal Models in Alcohol Research. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K. and Narhi M. (1973) Specially selected rat strains as a model of alcoholism, in The Laboratory Animal in Drug Testing (Spiegel A., ed.) Springer Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 282–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K. and Rusi M. (1981) Fish selection studies on alcohol-related behaviors: General outline, in Development of Animal Models as Phurmucogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 87–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson K., Halkka O., Lokki J., and Saura A. (1976) Enzyme polymorphism in feral, outbred and inbred rats (Rattus norvegicus). Heredity 37, 341–349.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erwin V. G., Jones B. C., and Radcliffe R. (1990) Further characterization of LS X SS recombinant inbred strains of mice: Activating and hypothermic effects of ethanol. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 14, 200–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fadda F., Mosca E., Colombo G., and Gessa G. L. (1989) Effect of spontaneous ingestion of ethanol on brain dopamine metabolism. Life Sci. 44, 281–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falconer, D. S. (1989) introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Longman, Hong Kong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuller J. L. (1985) The genetics of alcohol consumption in animals. Sot. Biol. 32, 210–221.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuller J. L., McCleam G. E., Wilson J. R., and Crowe L. (1985) Genetics and Human Encounter with Alcohol. Social Biol. vol. 32. 327 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goedde H. W. and Agarwal D. P., eds. (1987) Genetics and Alcoholism. Proc. Clin. Biol. Res. vol 241. 353 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman D., Nelson R., Deitrich R. A., Baker R. C., Spuhler K., Marley H., Ebert M., and Merril C. R. (1985) Genetic brain polypeptide variants in inbred mice and in mouse strains with high and low sensitivity to alcohol. Bruin Res. 341, 130–138.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein D. (1981) What traits to breed for and how to measure them, in Development of Animal Models us Phurmucogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 233–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein D. (1989) Animal models developed by selective breeding: Some questions raised and a few answered, in Genetic Aspects of AZcoholism (Kiianmaa K., Tabakoff B., and Saito T., eds.) The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 37, Helsinki, pp. 229–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin D. W., Schulsinger F., Hermansen L., Guze S. B., and Winokur G. (1973) Alcohol problems in adoptees raised apart from alcoholic biological parents. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 28, 238–243.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin D. W., Schulsinger F., Moller N., Hermansen L., Winokur G., and Guze S. B. (1977) Drinking problems in adopted and nonadopted sons of alcoholics. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 31, 164–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen C. and Spuhler K. (1984) Development of National Institutes of Health genetically heterogenous rat stock. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 8, 477–479.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hilakivi L., Eriksson C. J. P., Sarviharju M., and Sinclair J. D. (1984) Revitalization of the AA and ANA rat lines: Effects on some line characteristics. Alcohol 1, 71–75.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hrubec Z. and Omenn G. S. (1981) Evidence of genetic predisposition to alcoholic cirrhosis and psychosis: Twin concordances for alcoholism and its biological end points by zygosity among male veterans. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 5, 207–215.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hyde J. S. (1981) A review of selective breeding programs, in Development of Animal Models as Pharrnacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 59–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyytia P., Halkka O., and Eriksson K. (1987) Alcohol-preferring (AA) and alcohol-avoiding (ANA) lines of rats after intogression of alien genes, in Advances in Biomedical Alcohol Research, Alcohol Alcohol. (Lindros K. O., Ylikahri R., and Kiianmaa K., eds.) Suppl. 1, pp. 351–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaij L. (1960) Alcoholism in Twins. Studies on the Etiology and Sequelae of Abuse of Alcohol. Almquist and Wiksell, Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kampov-Polevoy, A. B., Kasheffskaya R. P., and Sinclair J. D. (1990) Initial acceptance of ethanol: Gustatory factors and patterns of alcohol drinking. Alcohol 7, 83–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaprio J., Koskenvuo M., Langinvainio H., Romanov K., Sama S., and Rose R. J. (1987) Genetic influences on use and abuse of alcohol: a study of 5638 adult Finnish twin brothers. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 11, 349–356.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiianmaa K., Tabakoff B., and Saito T., eds, (1989) Genetic Aspects of Alcoholism, The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol, 37. Helsinki.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lester D. and Freed E. X. (1973) Criteria for an animal model of alcoholism. Pharmacol. Biochem Behav. 1, 103–107.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li T-K., Lumeng L., McBride W. J., and Waller B. M. (1981) Indiana selection studies on alcohol-related behaviors, in Development of Animal Models us Pharmacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E, Deitrich R. A., and Ervin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 171–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li T-K., Lumeng L., McBride W. J., and Murphy, J. M. R. (1987) Rodent lines selected for factors affecting alcohol consumption, in Advances in Biomedical Alcohol Research (Lindros K. O., Mikahri R., and Kiianmaa K., eds.) Alcohol Alcohol. Suppl. 1, 91–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumeng L., Doolittle D. P., and Li T. (1986) New duplicate lines of rats that differ in voluntary alcohol consumption. Alcohol and Alcoholism 21, A125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mardones J. (1960) Experimentally induced changes in the free selection of ethanol. Int. Rev. Newobiol. 2, 41–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mardones J. (1972) Experimentally induced changes in alcohol appetite, in Biological Aspects of Alcohol Consumption (Forsander O. and Eriksson K., eds.) The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 20, Helsinki, pp. 15–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam G. E. (1981) Introduction chapters, in Development of Animal Models us Phurmucogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6. US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 3–10, 81–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam G. E. and Kakihana R. (1981) Selective breeding for ethanol sensitivity: short-sleep and long-sleep mice, in Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 147–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam G. E. and Rodgers D. A., (1959) Differences in alcohol preference among inbred strains of mice. Q.J. Stud. Alcohol 20, 691–695.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam G. E., Wilson J. R., and Meredith W. (1970) The use of isogenic and heterogenic mouse stocks in behavioral research, in Contributions to Behavior-Genetic Anulysis: The Mouse us a Prototype (Lindzey G. and Thiessen D. D., eds.) Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp. 3–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds. (1981) Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools, NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCleam E., Wilson J. R., Petersen D. R., and Allen D. L. (1982) Selective breeding in mice for severity of ethanol withdrawal syndrome. Subst. Alcohol Actions/Misuse 3, 135–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagoshi C. T., Wilson J. R., and Plomin R. (1986) Use of regression residuals to quantify individual differences in acute sensitivity and tolerance to ethanol. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 10, 343–349.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Partanen J., Bruun K., and Markkanen T. (1966) Inheritance of Drinking Behavior. A Study of lntelligence, Personality and Use of Alcohol of Adult Twins. The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 14, Helsinki.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips T. J., Feller D. J., and Crabbe J. C., (1989) Selected mouse lines, alcohol and behavior. Experientia 45, 805–827.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips T. J., Burkhart-Kasch S., Terdal E. S., and Crabbe J. C. (1991) Response to selection for ethanol-induced locomotor activation: genetic analyses and selection response characterization. Psychopharmacology 103, 557–566.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Propping P. (1977) Genetic control of ethanol action on the central nervous system: An EEG study in twins. Hum. Genet. 35, 309–334.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts R. C. (1981) Current perspectives on selective breeding: theoretical aspects, in Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools (McCleam G. E., Deitrich R. A., and Erwin G., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 6, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 37–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers D. A and McCleam G. E. (1962) Mouse strain differences in preference for various concentrations of alcohol. Q. J. Stud. Alcohol 23, 26–33.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Satinder K. P. (1970) Behavior-genetic-dependent self-selection of alcohol in rats. J. Comp. Phvsiol. Psychol. 80, 422–434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit M. A. (1988) Reactions to alcohol in sons of alcoholics and controls. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 12, 465–470.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit M. A. (1989) Multiple markers of the response ethanol in sons of alcoholics and controls, in Genetic Aspects of Alcoholism (Kiianmaa K., Tabakoff B., and Saito T., eds.) The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, vol. 37, Helsinki, pp. 107–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit M. A., Goodwin D. A., and Winokur G. A. (1972) A study of alcoholism in half siblings. Am. J. Psychtizty 128, 1132–1136.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuckit M. A., Li T-K., Cloninger C. R., and Deitrich R. A. (1985) Genetics of alcoholism. Alcohol: Clin. Exp. Res. 9, 475–492.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair J. D. (1987) The feasibility of effective psychopharmacological treatments for alcoholism. Br. J Addict. 82, 1213–1223.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair, J. D. and Li, T.-K. (1989) Long and short alcohol deprivation: Effects on AA and P rats. Alcohol 6, 505–509.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair J. D., Viitamaa T., and Hyytia P. (1987) Behavioral and color variations between rat lines developed for differential alcohol sensitivity, in Advances in Biomedical Alcohol Research (Lindros K. O., Ylikahri R., and Kiianmaa K., eds.) Alcohol Alcohol. Suppl. 1, 449–453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair J. D., Le A. D., and Kiianmaa K. (1989) The AA and ANA rat lines, selected for differences in alcohol consumption. Experientia 45, 798–805

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spuhler K., Hoffer B., Weiner N., and Palmer M. (1982) Evidence for genetic correlation of hypnotic effects and cerebellar Purkinje neuron depression in response to ethanol in mice. Phartnacol. Biochem. Behav. 17, 569–578.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spuhler K., Deitrich R. A., and Baker R. C. (1990) Selective breeding of rats differing in sensitivity to the hypnotic effects of acute ethanol administration, in Initial Sensitivity to Alcohol (Deitrich R. A. and Pawlowski A. A., eds.) NIAAA Research Monograph 20, US Government Printing Office, Rockville, MD, pp. 87–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabakoff, B. (1991) One man’s craving is another man’s dependence. Br. J. Addiction 85, 1253,1254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimoto K. and Komura S. (1987) Reexamination of the relationship between alcohol preference and brain monoamines in inbred strains of mice including senescence-accelerated mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 27, 317–322.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 The Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Kiianmaa, K., Hyytiä, P., Sinclair, J.D. (1992). Development of an Animal Model of Ethanol Abuse. In: Boulton, A.A., Baker, G.B., Wu, P.H. (eds) Animal Models of Drug Addiction. Neuromethods, vol 24. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-217-5:29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-217-5:29

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-217-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-629-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics