Abstract
Some amino acids may function as neurotransmitters and are presumably released at nerve terminals to interact with specific receptors postsynaptically. Biochemical studies of high-affinity uptake, a potential marker of nerve terminals and of receptor binding, have been employed successfully to elucidate the role of amino acids in the central nervous system (W Walz and J.W. Ferkany, this volume). The recent use of autoradiographic techniques to study uptake and receptors has permitted much greater anatomical resolution than homogenate methods. Other advantages include the ability to study different conditions in consecutive sections, to study human tissues, and to circumvent the blood-brain barrier.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alexander G. M., Schwartzman R J, Bell R D, Yu J., and Renthal A. (1981) Quantitative measurement of local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose utilizing tritiated 2-deoxyglucose. Brain Res 223, 59–67
Berger M. and Ben-Ari Y. (1983) Autoradiographic visualization of [3H] kainic acid receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus. Neurosci. Lett 39, 237–242.
Biegon A. and Rainbow T C. (1983) Localization and characterization of [3H] desmethylimipramine binding sites in rat brain by quantitative autoradrography J Neurosci 5, 1069–1076.
Biziere K., Thompson H., and Coyle J T (1980) Characterization of specific, high-affinity binding sites for L-[3H]-glutamic acid in rat brain membranes. Brain Res 183, 421–433
Cuatrecasas P. and Hollenberg M. D. (1976) Membrane receptors and hormone action. Adv. Protein Chem. 30, 251–451
DeBarry J., Langley O. K., Vincendon G, and Gombos G (1982) L-Glutamate and L-glutamine uptake in adult rat cerebellum. an autoradrographic study Neuroscience 7, 1289–1297.
Ehinger B. (1981) [3H]-D-Aspartate accumulation in the retina of pigeon, guinea pig and rabbit Exp Eye Res. 33, 381–391
Foster A. C., Mena E. E, Monaghan D T., and Cotman C. W (1981) Synaptic localization of kainic acid binding sites Nature 289, 73–75
Geary W A, II, and Wooten G. F (1983) Quantitative film autoradiography of opiate agonist and antagonist binding in rat brain. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. 225, 234–240
Greenamyre J. T, Young A. B, and Penney J B. (1984) Quantitative autoradiographic distribution of L-[3H]-glutamate-binding sites in rat central nervous system. J Neurosci. 4, 2133–2144.
Greenamyre J T., Young A B, and Penney J B. (1983) Quantitative autoradiography of L-[3H] glutamate binding to rat brain. Neurosci. Lett 37, 155–160
Halpain S., Parsons B, and Rainbow T C. (1983) Tritium-film autoradiography of sodium-independent glutamate binding sites in rat brain Eur J. Pharmacol 86, 313–314.
Hampton C K and Redburn D. A (1983) Autoradiographic analysis of 3H-glutamate, 3H-dopamine and 3H-GABA accumulation in rabbit retma after kainic acid treatment. J. Neurosci. Res 9, 239–251
Hattori T, McGeer P L, Fibiger H. C, and McGeer E. G (1973) On the source of GABA-containing terminals in the substantia nigra Electron microscopic autoradiographic and biochemical studies Brain Res 54, 103–114
Henke H, Beaudet A, and Cuenod M (1981) Autoradiographic localization of specific kainic acid binding sites in pigeon and rat cerebellum Brain Res 219, 95–105
Herkenham M, and Pert C. B (1982) Light microscopic localization of brain opiate receptors a general autoradiographic method which preserves tissue quality J Neurosci 2, 1129–1149.
Hokfelt T and Ljungdahl Å. (1970) Cellular localization of labeled gamma-ammobutyric acid (H-GABA) in rat cerebellar cortex. an autoradiographic study. Brain Res. 22, 391–396.
Hokfelt T and Ljungdahl Å (1971) Light and electron microscopic autoradiography on spinal cord slices after incubation with labeled glycine. Brain Res 32, 189–194
Iversen L. L and Bloom F E. (1972) Studies of the uptake of 3H-GABA and 3H-glycine in slices and homogenates of rat brain and spinal cord by election microscopic autoradiography Brain Res 41, 131–143
Kuhar M J. (1982) Localization of drug and neurotransmitter receptors in brain by light microscopic autoradiography, in Handbook of Psychopharmacology (Iversen L L, Iversen S.D., and Snyder S.H, eds.), pp. 299–320 Plenum Press, New York.
Kuhar M J (1983) Autoradiographic localization of drug and neurotransmitter receptors, in Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy Vol 1. Methods of Chemical Neuroanatomy (Bjorklund A and Hokfelt T, eds.), pp 398–415 Elsevier, New York
Kuhar M J (1984) Receptor localization with the microscope, in Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding (Yamamura H.I, Enna S J, and Kuhar M J, eds), in press, Raven Press, New York.
Kuhar M J and Unnerstall J R (1982) In vitro labeling receptor autoradiography loss of label during ethanol dehydration and preparative procedures Brain Res 244, 178–181
Lysz T., Toga A W, and Geary W A, II (1982) Standardization of 3H-tissue images with different lsotopic standards Soc Neurosci Abstract 8, 645.
Marshall J and Voaden M (1975) Autoradiographic identification of the cells accumulating 3H-γ-ammobutyric acid in mammalian retinae a species comparison. Vision Res 15, 459–461.
Matus A. I. and Dennison M E. (1971) Autoradiographic localization of tritiated glycine at “flat-vesicle” synapses in spinal cord Brain Res 32, 195–197
Mohler H, Richards J. G, and Wu J-Y (1981) Autoradiographic localization of benzodiazepine receptors in immunocytochemically identified γ-aminobutyric synapses. Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 78, 1935–1938.
Monaghan D T and Cotman C W (1982) The distribution of [3H] kainic acid binding sites in rat CNS as determined by autoradiography. Brain Res 252, 91–100
Monaghan D. T, Holets V R., Toy D W, and Cotman C W (1983a) Anatomical distributions of four pharmacologically distinct 3H-L-glutamate binding sites. Nature 306, 176–179.
Monaghan D T., McMills M C., Chamberlin A R, and Cotman C W (1983b) Synthesis of [3H]2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid and characterization of its binding to rat brain membranes. a selective ligand for the chloride/calcium-dependent class of L-glutamate binding sites Brain Res 278, 137–144.
Palaclos J. M. and Kuhar M. J (1982) Ontology of high-affinity GABA and benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebellum an autoradiographic study. Brain Res 2, 531–539
Palacios J M, Young W S., III, and Kuhar M J (1980) Autoradiographic localization of GABA receptors in the rat cerebellum Proc Nutl Acad Sci USA 77, 670–674.
Palaclos J M., Niehoff D L, and Kuhar M. J (1981a) Receptor autoradiography with tritium-sensitive film: potential for computerized densitometry. Neurosci Lett 25, 101–105
Palacios J M., Unnerstall J.R, Young W S., III, and Kuhar M. J (1981b) Radiohistochemical studies of benzodiazepine and GABA receptors and their interactions, in GABA and Benzodiazepine Receptors (Costa E., Di Chiara G, and Gessa G L, eds.), pp. 53–60 Raven Press, New York
Palacios J M, Wamsley J K. and Kuhar M J (1981c) GABA, benzodiazepine, and histamine-H1 receptors in the guinea pig cerebellum effects of kainic acid injections studied by autoradiographic methods. Brain Res 214, 155–162
Palacios J M, Wamsley J K, and Kuhar M J (1981d) High affinity GABA receptors-autoradiographic localization. Brain Res 222, 285–307
Pan H S., Frey K. A, Young A B., and Penney J B, Jr (1983) Changes in [3H] muscimol binding in substantia nigra, entopeduncular nucleus, globus pallidus, and thalamus after striatal lesions as demonstrated by quantitative receptor autoradiography. J. Neurosci 3, 1189–1198
Parsons B. and Rainbow T C (1983) Quantitative autoradiography of sodium-dependent [3H]D-aspartate binding sates in rat brain Neurosci Lett 36, 9–12
Penney J B, Jr., Pan H S, Young A. B., Frey K. A., and Dauth G. W. (1981) Quantitative autoradiography of [3H] muscimol binding in rat brain Science 214, 1036–1038.
Penney J. B. and Young A B (1982) Quantitative autoradiography of neurotransmitter receptors in Huntington disease. Neurology 32, 1391–1395.
Rainbow T C, Biegon A., and McEwen B. S. (1982a) Autoradiographic localization of imipramine binding in rat brain Eur J. Pharmacol 77, 363–364
Rainbow T C, Bleisch W. V., Biegon A., and McEwen B. S (1982b) Quantitative densitometry of neurotransmitter receptors. J Neurosci Meth 5, 127–138
Rogers A W. (1979) Techniques of Autoradiography. Elsevier, New York
Roth L.J., Diab I M, Watanabe M., and Dinerstein R. (1974) A correlative radioautographic fluorescent and histochemical technique for cytopharmacology. Mel Pharmacol. 10, 986–998.
Sarthy P. V. (1983) Release of [3H]γ-aminobutyric acid from glial (Muller) cells of the rat retina effects of K+, veratridine, and ethylenediamine J Neurosci 12, 2494–2503.
Schulze E. and Neuhoff V. (1983) Uptake, autoradiography and release of taurine and homotaurine from retinal tissue Int. J. Neurosci 18, 253–268
Taylor, N R., Unnerstall, J R, Mashal, R. D, DeSouza, E. B., and Kuhar, M. J. (1984) Receptor autoradiography: coping with regional differences in autoradiographic efficiency with tritium Soc. Neurosci Abs. 10, 557
Unnerstall J. R. and Wamsley J. K. (1983) Autoradiographic localization of high-affinity [3H]-kainic acid binding sites in the rat forebrain Eur J, Pharmacol 86, 361–371.
Unnerstall J R., Kuhar M. J., Niehoff D L. and Palacios J. M. (1981) Benzodiazepine receptors are coupled to a subpopulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors evidence from a quantitative autoradiographic study. J Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 218, 797–804.
Unnerstall J R, Niehoff D. L, Kuhar M. J. and Palacios J M. (1982) Quantitative receptor autoradiography using [3H]Ultrofilm application to multiple benzodiazepine receptors. J. Neurosci Meth. 6, 59–73
Wamsley J. K. and Palacios J M (1983) Autoradiographic distribution of receptor ligand binding-amino acid and benzodiazepine receptors. Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy Vol. 2-Classical Transmitters in the CNS. (Bjorklund A, Hokfelt T, and Kuhar M.J, eds), in press, Elsevier, New York
Whitehouse P J, Wamsley J K, Zarbin M A, Price D L, Tourtellotte W.W., and Kuhar M.J (1983) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. alterations in neurotransmitter receptors Ann Neural 14, 8–16
Wilkin G. P, Csillag A, Balázs R., Kingsbury A E, Wilson J E, and Johnson A. L (1981) Localization of high affinity [3H] glycine transport sites in the cerebellar cortex Brain Res 216, 11–33
Wilkin G P., Hudson A L, Hill D R., and Bowery N. G (1981) Autoradiographic localization of GABAB receptors in rat cerebellum Nature 294, 584–587
Yamamura H. I., Enna S J. and Kuhar M. J, eds. (1984) Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding. In press, Raven Press, New York
Yazulla S. (1981) GABAergic synapses in the goldfish retina: an autoradiographic study of 3H-musciomol and 3H-GABA binding. J Comp. Neurl 200, 83–93
Young A. B. and Snyder S H (1973) Strychnine binding associated with glycine receptors of the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA 70, 2832–2836
Young W. S, III and Kuhar M J. (1979a) A new method for receptor autoradiography [3H] opioid receptors in rat brain Brain Res 179, 255–270.
Young W. S, III and Kuhar M. J. (1979b) Autoradiographic localization of benzodiazepine receptors in the brains of humans and animals Nature 280, 393–395
Young W S, III and Kuhar M. J (1980) Radiohistochemical localization of benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain J Phrmacol Exp Ther 212, 337–346
Young W S., III and Kuhar M J. (1981) The light microscopic radiohistochemistry of drugs and neurotransmitter receptors using diffusible ligands, in Current Trends in Morphological Techniques, Vol III (Johnson J E., Jr, Adelman R.C. and Roth G S, eds), pp 119–135 CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL
Zaczek R, Koller K., Cotter R, Heller D., and Coyle J T (1983) N-Acetylaspartylglutamate. an endogenous peptide with high affinity for a brain. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 80, 1116–1119.
Zarbin M. A, Wamsley J. K., and Kuhar M J (1981) Glycine receptor light microscopic autoradiographic localization with [3H] strychnine. J. Neurosci 1, 532–547.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 The Humana Press Inc.
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Scott Young, W. (1985). In vitro Autoradiographic Localization of Amino Acid Receptors and Uptake Sites. In: Boulton, A.A., Baker, G.B., Wood, J.D. (eds) Amino Acids. Neuromethods, vol 3. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-077-6:179
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-077-6:179
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-077-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-608-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols