Abstract
Sample preparation is a very crucial step in two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis, in which the proteins of the sample must be brought into a state where they can be separated by isoelectric focusing in the first dimension. That is, they must be denatured, reduced, and solubilized, and they must be kept so during electrophoresis without changing their pI. The sample buffer for this purpose is traditionally called the lysis buffer.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Righetti, P. G., Castagna A., Herbert B., Reymond F., and Rossier J. S. (2003) Prefractionation techniques in proteome analysis. Proteomics 3, 1397–1407.
Castellanos-Serra, L., and Paz-Lago, D. (2002) Inhibition of unwanted proteolysis during sample preparation: evaluation of its efficiency in challenge experiments. Electrophoresis 23, 1745–1753.
Harder, A., Wildgruber, R., Nawrocki, A., Fey, S. J., Larsen, P. M., and Gorg, A. (1999) Comparison of yeast cell protein solubilization procedures for two-dimensional electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 20, 826–829.
O’Farrell, P. H. (1975) High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins. J. Biol Chem. 250,4007–4021.
Ames, G. F. and Nikaido, K. (1976) Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of membrane proteins. Biochemistry 15, 616–623.
Jacobs, D. I., van Rijssen, M. S., van der Heijden, R., and Verpoorte, R. (2001) Sequential solubilization of proteins precipitated with trichloroacetic acid in acetone from cultured Catharanthus roseus cells yields 52% more spots after two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteomics 1, 1345–1350.
McCarthy, J., Hopwood, F., Oxley, D., et al. (2003) Carbamylation of proteins in 2-D electrophoresis-myth or reality? J. Proteome Res. 2, 239–242.
Rabilloud, T., Adessi, C., Giraudel, A., and Lunardi, J. (1997) Improvement of the solubilization of proteins in two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradients. Electrophoresis 18, 307–316.
Herbert, B. R., Molloy, M. P., Gooley, A. A., Walsh, B. J., Bryson, W. G., and Williams, K. L. (1998) Improved protein solubility in two-dimensional electrophoresis using tributyl phosphine as reducing agent. Electrophoresis 19, 845–851.
Tastet, C., Charmont, S., Chevallet, M., Luche, S., and Rabilloud, T. (2003) Structureefficiency relationships of zwitterionic detergents as protein solubilizers in two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteomics 3, 111–121.
Luche, S., Santoni, V., and Rabilloud, T. (2003) Evaluation of nonionic and zwitterionic detergents as membrane protein solubilizers in two-dimensional electrophoresis. Proteomics 3, 249–253.
Vandahl, B. B., Birkelund, S., and Christiansen, G. (2002) Proteome analysis of Chlamydia pneumoniae. Methods Enzymol. 358, 277–288.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Vandahl, B.B., Christiansen, G., Birkelund, S. (2005). Preparation of Bacterial Samples for 2-D PAGE. In: Walker, J.M. (eds) The Proteomics Protocols Handbook. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-890-0:019
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-890-0:019
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-343-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-890-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols