Skip to main content

Designing Media for Animal Cell Culture: CHO Cells, the Industrial Standard

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Book cover Animal Cell Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1104))

Abstract

The success of culturing CHO cells solely depends on functionality of the used media. Cell culture technology is more than 50 years old, and the knowledge of cell requirements increased steadily. In the beginning, animal-sourced components were the key to growth. Nowadays state-of-the-art media do not contain any animal or naturally sourced components. The compositions are based on scientific awareness of the needs of the cells. The result is high lot-to-lot consistency and high performance.

In this book section, a method for the development of a synthetic, animal component-free medium is described. The composition is based on public available formulations and information based on the work of many scientists printed in numerous papers and manuscripts. The method shall help beginners to design their own medium, although some knowledge of biochemistry and animal cells is still required.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Chartrain M, Chu L (2008) Development and production of commercial therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in mammalian cell expression systems: an overview of the current upstream technologies. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 9(6):447–467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Li F, Vijayasankaran N, Shen AY et al (2010) Cell culture processes for monoclonal antibody production. MAbs 2(5):466–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kao FT, Puck T (1958) Genetics of somatic mammalian cells. IX. Quantitation of mutagenesis by physical and chemical agents III. Long-term cultivation of euploid cells from human and animal subjects. J Exp Med 108(6):945–956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Eagle H, Oyama VI, Levy M et al (1956) The growth response of mammalian cells in tissue culture to L-glutamine and L-glutamic acid. J Biol Chem 218(2):607–616

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Moore GE, Gerner RE, Franklin HA (1967) Culture of normal human leukocytes. JAMA 199(8):519–524

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Invitrogen. Technical resources—media formulations; DMEM. http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/support/Product-Technical-Resources/media_formulation.170.html. Accessed 29 Dec 2012

  7. Invitrogen. Technical resources—media formulations; DMEM/F12. http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/support/Product-Technical-Resources/media_formulation.55.html. Accessed 29 Dec 2012

  8. Invitrogen. Technical resources—media formulations; IMDM. http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/support/Product-Technical-Resources/media_formulation.76.html. Accessed 29 Dec 2012

  9. Invitrogen. Technical resources—media formulations; RPMI. http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/support/Product-Technical-Resources/media_formulation.187.html. Accessed 29 Dec 2012

  10. Mather JP, Tsao MC (1990) Method for culturing Chinese hamster ovary cells to improve production of recombinant proteins. US patent #5122469

    Google Scholar 

  11. Keen MJ, Rapson NT (1991) Method for culturing Chinese hamster ovary cells. US patent #5633162

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dzimian JL, Epstein DA, Fike RM et al (1996) Serum-free mammalian cell culture medium, and uses thereof. European patent #1482031

    Google Scholar 

  13. Price PJ, Gorfien S, Danner D (1997) Animal cell culture media comprising peptides derived from rice. US patent #6103529

    Google Scholar 

  14. Krause AW, Carley WW, Web WW (1984) Fluorescent erythrosin B is preferable to trypan blue as a vital exclusion dye for mammalian cells in monolayer culture. J Histochem Cytochem 32(10):1084–1090

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Dutton RL, Scharer JM et al (1998) Descriptive parameter evaluation mammalian cell culture. Cytotechnology 32:139–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hu W-S (2004) Medium design for cell culture processing and tissue engineering. Cellular bioprocess technology. http://hugroup.cems.umn.edu/Cell_Technology/cd-rom/Medium%20Design/Medium%20Design.pdf. Accessed 22 Nov 2012

  17. Hu W-S, Berdugo C, Chalmers JJ (2011) The potential of hydrodynamic damage to animal cells of industrial relevance: current understanding. Cytotechnology 63(5):445–460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Landauer K, Wiederkum S, Dürrschmid M et al (2003) Influence of carboxymethyl dextran and ferric citrate on the adhesion of CHO cells on microcarriers. Biotechnol Prog 19(1):21–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Morris AE, Schmid J (2000) Effects of insulin and longR3 on serum-free Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures expressing two recombinant proteins. Biotechnol Prog 16:693–697

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kim DY, Lee JC et al (2005) Effects of supplementation of various medium components on Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures producing recombinant antibody. Cytotechnology 47:37–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Landauer K, Woischnigg H, Hepp N et al (2011) Development of a chemically defined CHO medium by engineering based on a feed solution. BMC Proc 5(Suppl 8):P41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Sandadi S, Ensari S, Kearns B (2005) Heuristic optimization of antibody production by Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Prog 21:1537–1542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Landauer, K. (2014). Designing Media for Animal Cell Culture: CHO Cells, the Industrial Standard. In: Pörtner, R. (eds) Animal Cell Biotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1104. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-733-4_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-733-4_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-732-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-733-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics