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Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinic

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Human Monoclonal Antibodies

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1060))

Abstract

Immunoglobulins (Ig) or antibodies are heavy plasma proteins, with sugar chains added to amino-acid residues by N-linked glycosylation and occasionally by O-linked glycosylation. The versatility of antibodies is demonstrated by the various functions that they mediate such as neutralization, agglutination, fixation with activation of complement and activation of effector cells. Naturally occurring antibodies protect the organism against harmful pathogens, viruses and infections. In addition, almost any organic chemical induces antibody production of antibodies that would bind specifically to the chemical. These antibodies are often produced from multiple B cell clones and referred to as polyclonal antibodies. In recent years, scientists have exploited the highly evolved machinery of the immune system to produce structurally and functionally complex molecules such as antibodies from a single B clone, heralding the era of monoclonal antibodies. Most of the antibodies currently in the clinic, target components of the immune system, are not curative and seek to alleviate symptoms rather than cure disease. Our group used a novel strategy to identify reparative human monoclonal antibodies distinct from conventional antibodies. In this chapter, we discuss the therapeutic relevance of both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in clinic.

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Financial Support and Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01s—GM092993, NS024180, NS032129, NS048357, R21—NS073684), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS, CA1060A11), the Applebaum, Hilton and Peterson Foundations, the Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology and Medical Genomics, and the European Regional Development Fund—Project FNUSA-ICRC (No.CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0123). We thank the McNeilus Family. We gratefully acknowledge the Mayo Clinic Center for Translational Science Activities (CTSA) for supporting this project through a High Impact Pilot and Feasibility Award (HIPFA) and a Novel Methodology and Development Award (NMDA). BW and AD are supported through funds from NMSS (CA1060A11) and NINDS R21 NS073684 Clinical Translation award, respectively. The authors gratefully thank Lea C. Dacy for editorial assistance through helpful comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Neurology and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Bharath Wootla, Aleksandar Denic & Moses Rodriguez

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  1. Bharath Wootla
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  2. Aleksandar Denic
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  3. Moses Rodriguez
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  1. Department of Pathology, The Lautenberg Center, IMRIC The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

    Michael Steinitz

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Wootla, B., Denic, A., Rodriguez, M. (2014). Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinic. In: Steinitz, M. (eds) Human Monoclonal Antibodies. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1060. Humana, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-586-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-586-6_5

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, Totowa, NJ

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