Abstract
A seed is competent to respond to light soon after imbibition. A new developmental program begins in or on the ground where the young seedling may be exposed to heat, cold, drought, flooding (anoxia), salts, varying levels of visible light, and the topic of this paper, ultraviolet radiation. Herein what is described is a method for growing and maintaining seedlings, then methods of UV irradiation in order to measure discrete effects of UV wavelengths in signal transduction, very early in seedling development. The physiological response to an abiotic signal is partly dependent on the developmental state of the plant. Dark-grown seedlings of plant species possess young leaves or leaf primordia in a “suspended” state of development whereby exposure to sunlight, visible and UV, is required to initiate the leaf developmental program, including development of etioplasts or proplastids into fully functioning chloroplasts. In order for us to understand the initial and persisting effects of UV in seedlings, we “delay” light-induced development by carrying out all experiments in complete darkness between days 0 (seed) and day 7 (Arabidopsis). In this case, the UV regulation of a simple signaling pathway in Arabidopsis, G protein signaling in UV protection and acclimation early in development, is investigated with the use of several mutants and easily score-able phenotypes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mandoli DF, Briggs WR (1981) Phytochrome control of two low-irradiance responses in etiolated oat seedlings. Plant Physiol 67:733–739
Lipeniec L, Debeaujon I, Routaboul JM, Baudry A, Pourcel L, Nesi N, Caboche M (2006) Genetics and biochemistry of seed flavonoids. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:405–430
Searles PS, Flint SD, Caldwell MM (2001) A meta-analysis of plant field studies simulating stratospheric ozone depletion. Oecologia 127: 1–10
Frohnmeyer H, Staiger D (2003) Ultraviolet-B radiation-mediated responses in plants. Balancing damage and protection. Plant Physiol 133:1420–1428
Ulm R, Nagy F (2005) Signaling and gene regulation in response to ultraviolet light. Curr Opin Plant Biol 8:477–482
Sullivan JH, Gitz DC III, Liu-Gitz L, Xu C, Gao W, Slusser J (2007) Coupling short-term changes in ambient UV-B levels with induction of UV-screening compounds. Photochem Photobiol 83:863–870
Warpeha KM, Gibbons J, Carol A, Slusser J, Tree R, Durham W, Kaufman LS (2008) Presence of adequate phenylalanine mediated by G-protein is critical for protection from UV radiation damage in young etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 31:1756–1770
Alonso JM, Stepanova AN, Leisse TJ et al (2003) Genome-wide insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana. Science 301:653–657
Briggs WR, Mandoli DF, Shinkle JR, Kaufman LS, Watson JC, Thompson WF (1984) Phytochrome regulation of plant development at the whole plant, physiological, and molecular levels. In: Columbetti G, Lenci F, Song P-S (eds) Sensory perception and transduction in aneural organisms, vol 89, NATO ASI Series. Series A: Life sciences. Plenum, New York. ISBN 89
Warpeha KMF, Kaufman LS (1990) Two distinct blue-light responses regulate epicotyl elongation in pea. Plant Physiol 92:495–499
Warpeha KMF, Kaufman LS (1990) Two distinct blue-light responses regulate the levels of transcripts of specific nuclear-coded genes in pea. Planta 182:553–558
Warpeha KM, Upadhyay S, Yeh J, Adamiak J, Hawkins SI, Lapik YR, Anderson MB, Kaufman LS (2007) The GCR1, GPA1, PRN1, NF-Y signal chain mediates both blue light and ABA responses in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 143:1590–1600
Thompson WF, Everett M, Polans NO, Jorgensen RA, Palmer JD (1983) Phytochrome control of RNA levels in developing pea and mung bean leaves. Planta 158:487–500
Warpeha KW, Lateef SS, Lapik YL, Anderson MB, Lee B-S, Kaufman LS (2006) G-protein-coupled Receptor1, G-protein Ga-Subunit1, and prephenate dehydratase1 are required for blue light-induced production of phenylalanine in etiolated Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 140:844–855
Warpeha KMF, Hamm HE, Rasenick MM, Kaufman LS (1991) A blue-light activated GTP-binding protein in plasma membrane of etiolated pea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:8925–8929
Warpeha KMF, Kaufman LS, Briggs WR (1992) A flavoprotein may mediate the blue light-activated binding of guanosine 5′-triphosphate to isolated plasma membranes of Pisum sativum L. Photochem Photobiol 55:595–603
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Orozco-Nunnelly, D.A., Kaufman, L.S., Warpeha, K.M. (2013). G Protein Signaling in UV Protection: Methods for Understanding the Signals in Young Etiolated Seedlings. In: Running, M. (eds) G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in Plants. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1043. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-532-3_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-532-3_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-531-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-532-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols