Abstract
In contrast to site-directed mutagenesis and rational design, directed evolution harnesses Darwinian principles to identify proteins with new or improved properties. The critical first steps in a directed evolution experiment are as follows: (a) to introduce random diversity into the gene of interest and (b) to capture that diversity by cloning the resulting population of molecules into a suitable expression vector, en bloc. Error-prone PCR (epPCR) is a common method for introducing random mutations into a gene. In this chapter, we describe detailed protocols for epPCR and for the construction of large, maximally diverse libraries of cloned variants. We also describe the utility of an online program, PEDEL-AA, for analyzing the compositions of epPCR libraries. The methods described here were used to construct several libraries in our laboratory. A side-by-side comparison of the results is used to show that, ultimately, epPCR is a highly stochastic process.
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Acknowledgment
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this work from the New Zealand Marsden Fund.
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Hanson-Manful, P., Patrick, W.M. (2013). Construction and Analysis of Randomized Protein-Encoding Libraries Using Error-Prone PCR. In: Gerrard, J. (eds) Protein Nanotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 996. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-354-1_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-354-1_15
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Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
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