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An ELISA Lab-on-a-Chip (ELISA-LOC)

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Microfluidic Diagnostics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 949))

Abstract

Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) technology using polymer sheets is an easy and affordable method for rapid prototyping of Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) systems. It has recently been used to fabricate a miniature 96 sample ELISA lab-on-a-chip (ELISA-LOC) by integrating the washing step directly into an ELISA plate. LOM has been shown to be capable of creating complex 3D microfluidics through the assembly of a stack of polymer sheets with features generated by laser micromachining and by bonding the sheets together with adhesive. A six layer ELISA-LOC was fabricated with an acrylic (poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)) core and five polycarbonate layers micromachined by a CO2 laser with simple microfluidic features including a miniature 96-well sample plate. Immunological assays can be carried out in several configurations (1 × 96 wells, 2 × 48 wells, or 4 × 24 wells). The system includes three main functional elements: (1) a reagent loading fluidics module, (2) an assay and detection wells plate, and (3) a reagent removal fluidics module. The ELISA-LOC system combines several biosensing elements: (1) carbon nanotube (CNT) technology to enhance primary antibody immobilization, (2) sensitive ECL (electrochemiluminescence) detection, and (3) a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector for measuring the light signal generated by ECL. Using a sandwich ELISA assay, the system detected Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/ml, a detection level similar to that reported for conventional ELISA. ELISA-LOC can be operated by a syringe and does not require power for operation. This simple point-of-care (POC) system is useful for carrying out various immunological assays and other complex medical assays without the laboratory required for conventional ELISA, and therefore may be more useful for global healthcare delivery.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biology, Office of Science and Engineering, FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), Silver Spring, MD, USA

    Avraham Rasooly

  2. National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA

    Avraham Rasooly

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    Hugh A. Bruck

  4. Steven Sun Division of Biology Office of Science and Engineering, FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), Silver Spring, MD, USA

    Yordan Kostov

  5. University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore County, MD, USA

    Yordan Kostov

Authors
  1. Avraham Rasooly
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  2. Hugh A. Bruck
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  3. Yordan Kostov
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Avraham Rasooly .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics &, Information Displays (KLOEID), Nanjing Univ. of Posts&Telecommunication, Jia Sheng Hua Yuan, No.2 Building Room 201, Nanjing, 210013, Jiangsu, China, People's Republic

    Gareth Jenkins

  2. Scientific & Medical Communications Cons, avenue Paul Santy 1C, Ecully, 69130, France

    Colin D. Mansfield

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Rasooly, A., Bruck, H.A., Kostov, Y. (2013). An ELISA Lab-on-a-Chip (ELISA-LOC). In: Jenkins, G., Mansfield, C. (eds) Microfluidic Diagnostics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 949. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-134-9_29

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-134-9_29

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-133-2

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