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In Vivo Methods of Nanotoxicology

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Nanotoxicity

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 926))

Abstract

The new field of nanotoxicology is steadily emerging in parallel with rapid advances made in nanotechnology to evaluate biological impact of intended and non-intended nanomaterial exposure over time as their human applications constantly increase. Over the last decade nanotoxicology methods have mostly relied on in vitro cell-based characterizations that do not account for the complexity of in vivo systems with respect to biodistribution, metabolism, hematology, immunology, and neurological ramifications. Comprehensive in vivo studies addressing the toxicity of nanoscale materials are scarce mainly because the field is still nascent. Efforts in standardizing methodology to study the in vivo safety of these materials are currently undertaken by various government agencies and research organizations. Here, we discuss the need for in vivo nanotoxicity studies, outline some of the important methods, and comment on practical considerations in carrying out such studies.

Khaled Greish and Giridhar Thiagarajan contributed equally to this work.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Alexander Malugin for valuable discussions on in vitro nanotoxicity assays. Financial support was provided by the National Institutes of Health (R01DE019050) and the Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) initiative.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Khaled Greish

  2. Department of Bioengineering, Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Giridhar Thiagarajan

  3. Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Hamidreza Ghandehari

Authors
  1. Khaled Greish
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  2. Giridhar Thiagarajan
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  3. Hamidreza Ghandehari
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hamidreza Ghandehari .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Mack Avenue 259, Detroit, 48201, Michigan, USA

    Joshua Reineke

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Greish, K., Thiagarajan, G., Ghandehari, H. (2012). In Vivo Methods of Nanotoxicology. In: Reineke, J. (eds) Nanotoxicity. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 926. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-002-1_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-002-1_17

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-001-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-002-1

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