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Lipases or Esterases: Does It Really Matter? Toward a New Bio-Physico-Chemical Classification

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Lipases and Phospholipases

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 861))

Abstract

Carboxylester hydrolases, commonly named esterases, consist of a large spectrum of enzymes defined by their ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxylic ester bonds and are widely distributed among animals, plants, and microorganisms. Lipases are lipolytic enzymes which constitute a special class of carboxylic esterases capable of releasing long-chain fatty acids from natural water-insoluble carboxylic esters. However, up to now, several unsuccessful attempts aimed at differentiating “lipases” from “esterases” by using various criteria. These criteria were based on the first substrate used chronologically, primary sequence comparisons, some kinetic parameters, or some structural features.

Lipids are biological compounds which, by definition, are insoluble in water. Taking into account this basic physico-chemical criterion, we primarily distinguish lipolytic esterases (L, acting on lipids) from nonlipolytic esterases (NL, not acting on lipids). In view of the biochemical data accumulated up to now, we proposed a new classification of esterases based on various criteria of physico-chemical, chemical, anatomical, or cellular nature. We believe that the present attempt matters scientifically for several reasons: (1) to help newcomers in the field, performing a few key experiments to figure out if a newly isolated esterase is lipolytic or not; (2) to clarify a debate between scientists in the field; and (3) to formulate questions which are relevant to the still unsolved problem of the structure–function relationships of esterases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Yassine Ben Ali

  2. Enzymology at interfaces and physiology of lipolysis, CNRS-Aix-Marseille Université, UPR 9025, Marseille Cedex 20, France

    Robert Verger

  3. Organization and Dynamics of Biological Membranes, UMR 5246 ICBMS, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    Abdelkarim Abousalham

  4. Enzymology at interfaces and physiology of lipolysis, UPR 9025, CNRS-Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France

    Abdelkarim Abousalham

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  1. Yassine Ben Ali
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Correspondence to Robert Verger or Abdelkarim Abousalham .

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  1. CIATEJ-CONACYT, Industrial Biotechnology Unit, Avda. Normalistas 800, Guadalajara, 44270, Jalisco, Mexico

    Georgina Sandoval

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Ali, Y.B., Verger, R., Abousalham, A. (2012). Lipases or Esterases: Does It Really Matter? Toward a New Bio-Physico-Chemical Classification. In: Sandoval, G. (eds) Lipases and Phospholipases. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 861. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-600-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-600-5_2

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-599-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-600-5

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