Skip to main content

Viral Small RNA Cloning and Sequencing

  • Protocol
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 721))

Abstract

At the current rate of technological progress, high-throughput sequencing of nucleic acids has become a commodity. These techniques are perfectly suitable for viral small RNAs sequencing and contribute to the understanding of many aspects of virus biology in the context of host–pathogen interaction. However, the generation of high quality data is still an issue and the preparation of small RNAs libraries that accurately reflect the viral siRNAs in the sample remains a challenge. In this chapter we describe how to clone and sequence libraries of viral small RNAs from infected insect samples (mosquito, drosophilidae, insect-derived cell lines).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Hamilton, A. J., and Baulcombe, D. C. (1999) A species of small antisense RNA in posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants, Science 286, 950–952.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Li, H., Li, W. X., and Ding, S. W. (2002) Induction and suppression of RNA silencing by an animal virus, Science 296, 1319–1321.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lu, R., Maduro, M., Li, F., Li, H. W., Broitman-Maduro, G., Li, W. X., and Ding, S. W. (2005) Animal virus replication and RNAi-mediated antiviral silencing in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature 436, 1040–1043.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Deleris, A., Gallego-Bartolome, J., Bao, J., Kasschau, K. D., Carrington, J. C., and Voinnet, O. (2006) Hierarchical action and inhibition of plant Dicer-like proteins in antiviral defense, Science 313, 68–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Horwich, M. D., Li, C., Matranga, C., Vagin, V., Farley, G., Wang, P., and Zamore, P. D. (2007) The Drosophila RNA methyltransferase, DmHen1, modifies germline piRNAs and single-stranded siRNAs in RISC, Curr Biol 17, 1265–1272.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Flynt, A., Liu, N., Martin, R., and Lai, E. C. (2009) Dicing of viral replication intermediates during silencing of latent Drosophila viruses, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, 5270–5275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Wu, Q., Luo, Y., Lu, R., Lau, N., Lai, E. C., Li, W. X., and Ding, S. W. (2010) Virus discovery by deep sequencing and assembly of virus-derived small silencing RNAs, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, 1606–1611.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Anon. (2010) Human genome at ten: The sequence explosion, Nature 464, 670–671.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pfeffer, S. (2007) Identification of virally encoded microRNAs, Methods Enzymol 427, 51–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. England, T. E., Gumport, R. I., and Uhlenbeck, O. C. (1977) Dinucleoside pyrophosphate are substrates for T4-induced RNA ligase, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 74, 4839–4842.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ho, C. K., Wang, L. K., Lima, C. D., and Shuman, S. (2004) Structure and mechanism of RNA ligase, Structure 12, 327–339.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Christophe Antoniewski for insight and discussion into deep sequencing, Marco Vignuzzi for comments on the manuscript, Nicolas Vodovar for helping with figures, and Ronald van Rij for being such a great and patient editor. This work was financially supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-09-JCJC-0045-01) and the European Research Council (FP7/2007-2013 ERC 242703) to MCS.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria-Carla Saleh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Humana Press

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Gausson, V., Saleh, MC. (2011). Viral Small RNA Cloning and Sequencing. In: van Rij, R. (eds) Antiviral RNAi. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 721. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-037-9_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-037-9_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-036-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-037-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics