Abstract
Formation of tissue boundaries can be studied in a simple, inexpensive system, the Xenopus gastrula. Here, the internalized mesoderm and endoderm are separated from the ectodermal blastocoel roof by Brachet ' s cleft. Non-canonical Wnt signaling mediated by the Wnt receptor, Xfz-7, is essential for this tissue separation event. The function of Wnt pathway components and other factors in tissue separation at Brachet ' s cleft can be tested in a blastocoel roof assay. Small pieces of mesoderm or endoderm are placed on large blastocoel roof explants, and it is observed whether these test explants remain on the surface of their in vivo substratum, or sink into it.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Winklbauer, R., Keller, R. E. (1996). Fibronec-tin, mesoderm migration and gastrulation in Xenopus. Dev Biol 177, 413–426.
Wacker, S., Grimm, K., Joos, T., et al. (2000). Development and control of tissue separation at gastrulation in Xenopus. Dev Biol 224, 428–439.
Keller, R., Davidson, L.A., Shook, D.R. (2003). How we are shaped: the biomechan-ics of gastrulation. Different 71, 171–205.
Choi, Y.S., Seghal, R., McCrea, P., et al. (1990). A cadherin-like protein in eggs and cleaving embryos of Xenopus laevis is expressed in oocytes in response to progesterone. J Cell Biol 110, 1575–1582.
Angres, B., M ü ller, A. H. J., Kellermann, J., et al. (1991). Differential expression of two cadherins in Xenopus laevis. Development 111, 8229–8244.
Ginsberg, D., DeSimone, D., Geiger, B. (1991). Expression of a novel cadherin (EP-cadherin) in unfertilized eggs and early Xeno-pus embryos. Development 111, 315–325.
Herzberg, F., Wildermuth, V., Wedlich, D. (1991). Expression of XB-cad, a novel cad-herin, during oogenesis and early development of Xenopus. Mech Dev 35, 33–42.
Ibrahim, H., Winklbauer, R. (2001). Mechanisms of mesendoderm internalization in the Xenopus gastrula: Lessons from the ventral side. Dev Biol 240, 108–122.
Winklbauer, R., Median, A., Swain, R. K., et al. (2001). Frizzled-7 signaling controls tissue separation during Xenopus gastrula-tion. Nature 413, 856–860.
Medina, A., Swain, R. K., Kuerner, K. -M., et al. (2004). Xenopus paraxial protocadherin has signaling functions and is involved in tissue separation. EMBO J 23, 3249–3258.
Hukriede, N. A., Tsang, T. E., Habas, R., et al. (2003). Conserved requirement of Lim1 function for cell movements during gastrulation. Dev Cell 4, 83–94.
Nieuwkoop, P. D., Faber, J. (1967). Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin). North-Holland, Amsterdam.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Winklbauer, R., Luu, O. (2008). Frizzled-7-dependent Tissue Separation in the Xenopus Gastrula. In: Vincan, E. (eds) Wnt Signaling. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 469. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-469-2_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-469-2_31
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-468-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-469-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols