Abstract
Proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblastic cells into the maternal endometrium are essential steps of human embryo implantation and placentation. Trophoblast invasion is normally limited in time (first trimester) and space (to the endometrium and to the proximal third of myometrium). Temporal and spatial regulation of trophoblast invasion is mediated in an autocrine way by trophoblastic factors and in a paracrine way by uterine factors. Shallow trophoblast invasion is associated with pathologies including preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction whereas unlimited invasion is associated with hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinomas. In order to understand this important biological process and to characterize some of its regulatory factors, we have developed a model of coculture of decidual and cytotrophoblastic cells in which we can evaluate the effect of each partner on the proliferative and invasive properties of the other.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Red-Horse K, Zhou Y, Genbacev O, Prakobphol A, Foulk R, McMaster M, Fisher SJ. (2004) Trophoblast differentiation during embryo implantation and formation of the maternal-fetal interface. J Clin Invest 114, 744–754.
Bischof P, Meisser A, Campana A. (2000) Paracrine and autocrine regulators of trophoblast invasion. Placenta 21(Suppl A) S55–S60.
Gellersen B, Brosens IA, Brosens JJ. (2007) Decidualization of the human endometrium: Mechanisms, functions, and clinical perspectives. Semin Reprod Med 25, 445–453.
Brosens IA, Robertson WB, Dixon HG. (1972) The role of the spiral arteries in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Annu 1, 177–191.
Kliman HJ, Feinberg RF. (1990) Human trophoblast-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in vitro: ECM thickness modulates morphology and proteolytic activity. PNAS 87(8), 3057–3061.
Vićovac LJ, Genbacev O. (1988) Coincubation – an experimental approach to the study of decidual-trophoblast interaction. Placenta 9, 109–115.
Popovici RM, Betzler NK, Krause MS, Luo M, Jauckus J, Germeyer A, Bloethner S, Schlotterer A, Kumar R, Strowitzki T, von Wolff M. (2006) Gene expression profiling of human endometrial-trophoblast interaction in a coculture model. Endocrinology 147, 5662–5675.
Ntrivalas E, Kwak-Kim J, Beaman K, Mantouvalos H, Gilman-Sachs A. (2006) An in vitro coculture model to study cytokine profiles of natural killer cells during maternal immune cell-trophoblast interactions. J Soc Gynecol Investig 13, 196–202.
Soghomonians A, Barakat AI, Thirkill TL, Douglas GC. (2005) Trophoblast migration under flow is regulated by endothelial cells. Biol Reprod 73, 14–19.
Carver J, Martin K, Spyropoulou I, Barlow D, Sargent I, Mardon H. (2003) An in-vitro model for stromal invasion during implantation of the human blastocyst. Hum Reprod 8, 283–290.
Gallery ED, Campbell S, Ilkovski B, Sinosich MJ, Jackson C. (2001) A novel in vitro co-culture system for the study of maternal decidual endothelial cell-trophoblast interactions in human pregnancy. BJOG 108, 651–653.
Campbell S, Rowe J, Jackson CJ, Gallery ED. (2004) Interaction of cocultured decidual endothelial cells and cytotrophoblasts in preeclampsia. Biol Reprod 71, 244–252.
Campbell S, Rowe J, Jackson CJ, Gallery ED. (2003) In vitro migration of cytotrophoblasts through a decidual endothelial cell monolayer: the role of matrix metalloproteinases. Placenta 24, 306–315.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Cohen, M., Bischof, P. (2009). Coculture of Decidua and Trophoblast to Study Proliferation and Invasion. In: Vaillancourt, C., Lafond, J. (eds) Human Embryogenesis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 550. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-009-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-009-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-008-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-009-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols